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Commonsense generation is a challenging task of generating a plausible sentence describing an everyday scenario using provided concepts. Its requirement of reasoning over commonsense knowledge and compositional generalization ability even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Han Wang , Yang Liu , Chenguang Zhu , Linjun Shou , Ming Gong , Yichong Xu , Michael Zeng

Natural language counterfactual generation aims to minimally modify a given text such that the modified text will be classified into a different class. The generated counterfactuals provide insight into the reasoning behind a model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Yongjie Wang , Xiaoqi Qiu , Yu Yue , Xu Guo , Zhiwei Zeng , Yuhong Feng , Zhiqi Shen

Song generation focuses on producing controllable high-quality songs based on various prompts. However, existing methods struggle to generate vocals and accompaniments with prompt-based control and proper alignment. Additionally, they fall…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Yu Zhang , Wenxiang Guo , Changhao Pan , Zhiyuan Zhu , Ruiqi Li , Jingyu Lu , Rongjie Huang , Ruiyuan Zhang , Zhiqing Hong , Ziyue Jiang , Zhou Zhao

Large language models (LM) based on Transformers allow to generate plausible long texts. In this paper, we explore how this generation can be further controlled at decoding time to satisfy certain constraints (e.g. being non-toxic,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Antoine Chaffin , Vincent Claveau , Ewa Kijak

Prefix-tuning is a powerful lightweight technique for adapting a large pre-trained language model to a downstream application. However, it uses the same dataset-level tuned prompt for all examples in the dataset. We extend this idea and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Jordan Clive , Kris Cao , Marek Rei

Researchers have devised numerous ways to quantify social biases vested in pretrained language models. As some language models are capable of generating coherent completions given a set of textual prompts, several prompting datasets have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Afra Feyza Akyürek , Muhammed Yusuf Kocyigit , Sejin Paik , Derry Wijaya

Difficulty-controllable question generation for reading comprehension has gained significant attention in the field of education as a fundamental tool for adaptive learning support. Although several neural question generation methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yuto Tomikawa , Masaki Uto

Large language models memorize parts of their training data. Memorizing short snippets and facts is required to answer questions about the world and to be fluent in any language. But models have also been shown to reproduce long verbatim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Michael Aerni , Javier Rando , Edoardo Debenedetti , Nicholas Carlini , Daphne Ippolito , Florian Tramèr

Recent language models, especially those based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs), make it possible to generate natural language from a learned probability. Language generation has wide applications including machine translation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Lili Mou , Rui Yan , Ge Li , Lu Zhang , Zhi Jin

The quality of the prompts provided to text-to-image diffusion models determines how faithful the generated content is to the user's intent, often requiring `prompt engineering'. To harness visual concepts from target images without prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Shweta Mahajan , Tanzila Rahman , Kwang Moo Yi , Leonid Sigal

Recent work has shown that inference-time reasoning and reflection can improve text-to-image generation without retraining. However, existing approaches often rely on implicit, holistic critiques or unconstrained prompt rewrites, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 V. Kovalev , A. Kuvshinov , A. Buzovkin , D. Pokidov , D. Timonin

Controlling the syntactic structure of text generated by language models is valuable for applications requiring clarity, stylistic consistency, or interpretability, yet it remains a challenging task. In this paper, we argue that sampling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Vicky Xefteri , Tim Vieira , Ryan Cotterell , Afra Amini

Large language models have demonstrated surprising ability to perform in-context learning, i.e., these models can be directly applied to solve numerous downstream tasks by conditioning on a prompt constructed by a few input-output examples.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Huan Ma , Changqing Zhang , Yatao Bian , Lemao Liu , Zhirui Zhang , Peilin Zhao , Shu Zhang , Huazhu Fu , Qinghua Hu , Bingzhe Wu

Large Transformer-based language models can aid human authors by suggesting plausible continuations of text written so far. However, current interactive writing assistants do not allow authors to guide text generation in desired topical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Haw-Shiuan Chang , Jiaming Yuan , Mohit Iyyer , Andrew McCallum

In this paper, we tackle the emerging challenge of unintended harmful content generation in Large Language Models (LLMs) with a novel dual-stage optimisation technique using adversarial fine-tuning. Our two-pronged approach employs an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Charles O'Neill , Jack Miller , Ioana Ciuca , Yuan-Sen Ting , Thang Bui

It has always been an important yet challenging problem to control language models to avoid generating texts with undesirable attributes, such as toxic language and unnatural repetition. We introduce Click for controllable text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Chujie Zheng , Pei Ke , Zheng Zhang , Minlie Huang

Prompt engineering is critical for the development of LLM-based applications. However, it is usually done manually in a "trial and error" fashion that can be time consuming, ineffective, and sub-optimal. Even for the prompts which seemingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Weize Kong , Spurthi Amba Hombaiah , Mingyang Zhang , Qiaozhu Mei , Michael Bendersky

The large language models have achieved superior performance on various natural language tasks. One major drawback of such approaches is they are resource-intensive in fine-tuning new datasets. Soft-prompt tuning presents a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Guoxin Chen , Yiming Qian , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li

Although lyrics generation has achieved significant progress in recent years, it has limited practical applications because the generated lyrics cannot be performed without composing compatible melodies. In this work, we bridge this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Yusen Sun , Liangyou Li , Qun Liu , Dit-Yan Yeung

The remarkable success of pretrained language models has motivated the study of what kinds of knowledge these models learn during pretraining. Reformulating tasks as fill-in-the-blanks problems (e.g., cloze tests) is a natural approach for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Taylor Shin , Yasaman Razeghi , Robert L. Logan , Eric Wallace , Sameer Singh