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Related papers: On Spurious Causality, CO2, and Global Temperature

200 papers

Causality is vital for understanding true cause-and-effect relationships between variables within predictive models, rather than relying on mere correlations, making it highly relevant in the field of Explainable AI. In an automated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Arturo Fredes , Jordi Vitria

Causality plays a central role in understanding interactions between variables in complex systems. These systems often exhibit state-dependent causal relationships, where both the strength and direction of causality vary with the value of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-08-05 Álvaro Martínez-Sánchez , Adrián Lozano-Durán

This paper proposes strategies to detect time reversibility in stationary stochastic processes by using the properties of mixed causal and noncausal models. It shows that they can also be used for non-stationary processes when the trend…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-11-23 Francesco Giancaterini , Alain Hecq , Claudio Morana

{We consider the problem of estimating causal influences between observed processes from time series possibly corrupted by errors in the time variable (dating errors) which are typical in palaeoclimatology, planetary science and…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-04-20 D. A. Smirnov , N. Marwan , S. F. M. Breitenbach , F. Lechleitner , J. Kurths

Global Climate Models are key tools for predicting the future response of the climate system to a variety of natural and anthropogenic forcings. Here we show how to use statistical mechanics to construct operators able to flexibly predict…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Valerio Lembo , Valerio Lucarini , Francesco Ragone

Using observational data and an elementary rigorous statistical fact it is easily shown that the distribution of Earth's climate is non-stationary. Examination of records of hundreds of local Industrial Era temperature histories in the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-01-21 Juan M. Restrepo , Michael E. Mann

The climate system's nonlinear dynamics is influenced by various external forcings and internal feedbacks that can give rise to regional and even global tipping points that may lead to significant and potentially irreversible changes.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Erik Chavez , Jan Rombouts , Michael Ghil

We study nonequilibrium thermodynamics of complex information flows induced by interactions between multiple fluctuating systems. Characterizing nonequilibrium dynamics by causal networks (i.e., Bayesian networks), we obtain novel…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-11-07 Sosuke Ito , Takahiro Sagawa

A review of some of the evidence for the IPCC's conclusion that doubling CO$_2$ levels will warm Earth significantly, in contrast to the claims of a recent article$^1$. Simply looking at raw temperature and CO$_2$ data over the past 150…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2008-12-01 Arthur P. Smith

Climate sensitivity is defined as the change in global mean equilibrium temperature after a doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentration and provides a simple measure of global warming. An early estimate of climate sensitivity, 1.5-4.5{\deg}C,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2012-04-24 Tamsin L. Edwards , Michel Crucifix , Sandy P. Harrison

Many legal cases require decisions about causality, responsibility or blame, and these may be based on statistical data. However, causal inferences from such data are beset by subtle conceptual and practical difficulties, and in general it…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Philip Dawid , Monica Musio , Rossella Murtas

We developed a coupled social-climate network model to understand the interaction between climate change opinion spread and the climate system and determine the role of this interaction in shaping collective actions and global temperature…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-07 Athira Satheesh Kumar , Krešimir Josić , Chris T Bauch , Madhur Anand

The question to what extent climate change is responsible for extreme weather events has been at the forefront of public and scholarly discussion for years. Proponents of the "risk-based" approach to attribution attempt to give an…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Sebastian Buschow , Petra Friederichs , Andreas Hense

Using lightning strikes as an example, two possible schemes are discussed for the attribution of changes in event frequency to climate change, and estimating the cost associated with them. The schemes determine the fraction of events that…

Applications · Statistics 2015-10-21 Anthony J. Webster

The causal mechanism between climate and political violence is fraught with complex mechanisms. Current quantitative causal models rely on one or more assumptions: (1) the climate drivers persistently generate conflict, (2) the causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Schyler C. Sun , Bailu Jin , Zhuangkun Wei , Weisi Guo

Information flow analysis has largely ignored the setting where the analyst has neither control over nor a complete model of the analyzed system. We formalize such limited information flow analyses and study an instance of it: detecting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-05-13 Michael Carl Tschantz , Amit Datta , Anupam Datta , Jeannette M. Wing

In recent years, the climate change research community has become highly interested in describing the anthropogenic influence on extreme weather events, commonly termed "event attribution." Limitations in the observational record and in…

We assess empirical models in climate econometrics using modern statistical learning techniques. Existing approaches are prone to outliers, ignore sample dependencies, and lack principled model selection. To address these issues, we…

Applications · Statistics 2025-05-26 Christof Schötz , Jan Hassel , Christian Otto

Despite much scientific evidence, a large fraction of the American public doubts that greenhouse gases are causing global warming. We present a simulation model as a computational test-bed for climate prediction markets. Traders adapt their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2016-07-13 John J. Nay , Martin Van der Linden , Jonathan M. Gilligan

I thank Thomas Richardson and James Robins for their discussion of my paper, and discuss the similarities and differences between their approach to causal modelling, based on single world intervention graphs, and my own decision-theoretic…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2023-10-03 A. Philip Dawid