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Real-world systems in epidemiology, social sciences, power transportation, economics and engineering are often described as multilayer networks. Here we first define and compute the symmetries of multilayer networks, and then study the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2020-07-29 F. Della Rossa , L. Pecora , K. Blaha , A. Shirin , I. Klickstein , F. Sorrentino

Latent space models are frequently used for modeling single-layer networks and include many popular special cases, such as the stochastic block model and the random dot product graph. However, they are not well-developed for more complex…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-09 Peter W. MacDonald , Elizaveta Levina , Ji Zhu

We propose here a multiplex network approach to investigate simultaneously different types of dependency in complex data sets. In particular, we consider multiplex networks made of four layers corresponding respectively to linear,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-06-16 Nicoló Musmeci , Vincenzo Nicosia , Tomaso Aste , Tiziana Di Matteo , Vito Latora

Many real-world complex systems are best modeled by multiplex networks of interacting network layers. The multiplex network study is one of the newest and hottest themes in the statistical physics of complex networks. Pioneering studies…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-31 Kyu-Min Lee , Byungjoon Min , Kwang-Il Goh

In a multiplex network, a set of nodes is connected by different types of interactions, each represented as a separate layer within the network. Multiplexes have emerged as a key instrument for modeling large-scale complex systems, due to…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Ankan Ganguly , Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

Many complex systems have natural representations as multi-layer networks. While these formulations retain more information than standard single-layer network models, there is not yet a fully developed theory for computing network metrics…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Daryl R. DeFord , Scott D. Pauls

The fundamental concept of applying the system methodology to network analysis declares that network architecture should take into account services and applications which this network provides and supports. This work introduces a formal…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-09-03 Andrey A. Shchurov

The need to build a link between the structure of a complex network and the dynamical properties of the corresponding complex system (comprised of multiple low dimensional systems) has recently become apparent. Several attempts to tackle…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2012-06-18 Michael Small , Kevin Judd , Thomas Stemler

Complex networks are made up of vertices and edges. The edges, which may be directed or undirected, are equipped with positive weights. Modeling complex systems that consist of different types of objects leads to multilayer networks, in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Silvia Noschese , Lothar Reichel

Many real complex systems cannot be represented by a single network, but due to multiple sub-systems and types of interactions, must be represented as a multiplex network. This is a set of nodes which exist in several layers, with each…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-12-16 G. J. Baxter , D. Cellai , S. N. Dorogovtsev , A. V. Goltsev , J. F. F. Mendes

It has been recognized that many complex dynamical systems in the real world require a description in terms of multiplex networks, where a set of common, mutually connected nodes belong to distinct network layers and play a different role…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-12-23 Chuang Ma , Han-Shuang Chen , Xiang Li , Ying-Cheng Lai , Hai-Feng Zhang

Multilayer networks provide a more advanced and comprehensive framework for modeling real-world systems compared to traditional single-layer and multiplex networks. Unlike single-layer models, multilayer networks have multiple interacting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Christian D. Rodríguez-Camargo , Andrés F. Urquijo-Rodríguez , Eduardo Mojica-Nava

Recent developments in complex systems have witnessed that many real-world scenarios, successfully represented as networks are not always restricted to binary interactions but often include higher-order interactions among the nodes. These…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-04-22 Md Sayeed Anwar , Dibakar Ghosh

A multiplex network of identical dynamical units becomes resilient against parameter perturbation by adding selective linear diffusive cross-coupling links. A parameter drift at any instant in one or multiple network nodes can destroy…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-03-04 Suman Saha

We introduce a methodology based on averaging similarity matrices with the aim of integrating the layers of a multiplex network into a single monoplex network. Multiplex networks are adopted for modelling a wide variety of real-world…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-30 Federica Baccini , Lucio Barabesi , Eugenio Petrovich

Multiplex networks are a type of multilayer network in which entities are connected to each other via multiple types of connections. We propose a method, based on computing pairwise similarities between layers and then doing community…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-09-20 Ta-Chu Kao , Mason A. Porter

From transportation networks to complex infrastructures, and to social and communication networks, a large variety of systems can be described in terms of multiplexes formed by a set of nodes interacting through different networks (layers).…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-16 Davide Cellai , Eduardo López , Jie Zhou , James P. Gleeson , Ginestra Bianconi

We study remote (or relay) synchronization in multilayer networks between parts of one layer and their counterparts in a second layer, where these two layers are not directly connected. A simple realization of such a system is a triplex…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2019-01-02 Jakub Sawicki , Iryna Omelchenko , Anna Zakharova , Eckehard Schöll

The mathematical framework of multiplex networks has been increasingly realized as a more suitable framework for modelling real-world complex systems. In this work, we investigate the optimization of synchronizability in multiplex networks…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-05-24 Sanjiv K. Dwivedi , Murilo S. Baptista , Sarika Jalan

Multiplex networks describe a large variety of complex systems, whose elements (nodes) can be connected by different types of interactions forming different layers (networks) of the multiplex. Multiplex networks include social networks,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-10-29 Jacopo Iacovacci , Zhihao Wu , Ginestra Bianconi