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The analysis of waves in the visible side of the Sun allows the detection of active regions in the farside through local helioseismology techniques. The knowledge of the magnetism in the whole Sun, including the non-visible hemisphere, is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-04 T. Felipe , A. Asensio Ramos

Global and regional climate model projections are useful for gauging future patterns of climate variables, including solar radiation, but data from these models is often too coarse to assess local impacts. Within the context of solar…

Applications · Statistics 2024-05-21 Maggie Bailey , Doug Nychka , Manajit Sengupta , Jaemo Yang , Soutir Bandyopadhyay

Agrivoltaic systems are becoming more popular as a critical technology for attaining several sustainable development goals such as affordable and clean energy, zero hunger, clean water and sanitation, and climate action. However,…

Prior to the availability of digital cameras, the solar observational images are typically recorded on films, and the information such as date and time were stamped in the same frames on film. It is significant to extract the time stamp…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-04 JiaFeng Zhang , GuangZhong Lin , ShuGuang Zeng , Sheng Zheng , Xiao Yang , GangHua Lin , XiangYun Zeng , HaiMin Wang

This paper focuses on the observations of sunspots made by Ru{\dj}er Bo\v{s}kovi\'c in 1777. We derived the expressions needed to calculate the elements of the Sun's rotation and period from observations. We used modern ephemeris data in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-04 D. Roša , D. Hržina , M. Husak , R. Brajša , D. Špoljarić , I. Skokić , D. Maričić , F. Šterc , I. Romštajn

To ensure energy efficiency and reliable operations, it is essential to monitor solar panels in generation plants to detect defects. It is quite labor-intensive, time consuming and costly to manually monitor large-scale solar plants and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Muhammad Junaid Asif , Muhammad Saad Rafaqat , Usman Nazakat , Uzair Khan , Rana Fayyaz Ahmad

The quality of images of the Sun obtained from the ground are severely limited by the perturbing effect of the turbulent Earth's atmosphere. The post-facto correction of the images to compensate for the presence of the atmosphere require…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 A. Asensio Ramos , J. de la Cruz Rodriguez , A. Pastor Yabar

Detecting changes on the Earth, such as urban development, deforestation, or natural disaster, is one of the research fields that is attracting a great deal of attention. One promising tool to solve these problems is satellite imagery.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Waku Hatakeyama , Shirou Kawakita , Ryohei Izawa , Masanari Kimura

The Sunspot Number, created by R.Wolf in 1849, provides a direct long-term record of solar activity from 1700 to the present. In spite of its central role in multiple studies of the solar dynamo and of the past Sun-Earth relations, it was…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-06 Frédéric , Clette , Laure Lefèvre

The Sunspot Solar Observatory Data Archive (SSODA) stores data acquired with the suite of instruments at the Richard B. Dunn Solar Telescope (DST) from February 2018 to the present. The instrumentation at the DST continues to provide high…

The study explored the usage of astronomical observations for the identification and tracking of artificial satellites. Spacecraft streaks on astronomical images are a growing issue for the astronomical community. The increasing number of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-18 Rositsa Miteva , Nikola Antonov , Adrian Sonka

Spatial scientometrics has attracted a lot of attention in the very recent past. The visualization methods (density maps) presented in this paper allow for an analysis revealing regions of excellence around the world using computer programs…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2011-04-13 Lutz Bornmann , Ludo Waltman

Moving clouds affect the global solar irradiance that reaches the surface of the Earth. As a consequence, the amount of resources available to meet the energy demand in a smart grid powered using Photovoltaic (PV) systems depends on the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-04 Guillermo Terrén-Serrano , Manel Martínez-Ramón

The study of faint solar system objects is a promising avenue for understanding the origin and evolution of planetary systems. However, such objects are difficult to detect in conventional surveys. Here we introduce heliostack, an algorithm…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Kevin J Napier , Matthew J Holman , Hsing-Wen Lin , David W Gerdes , Thomas R Ruch

Sunspots are areas of strong magnetic fields driven by a convective dynamo. Rudolf Wolf devised his Sunspot Number (SN) series to describe its variation with time. Most other solar phenomena vary in concert with SN, in particular the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-15 Leif Svalgaard

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is the main instrument utilized for the detection of oil slicks on the ocean surface. In SAR images, some areas affected by ocean phenomena, such as rain cells, upwellings, and internal waves, or discharge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Xiaojian Liu , Yansheng Li

Solar plages, which are bright regions on the Sun's surface, are an important indicator of solar activity. In this study, we propose an automated algorithm for identifying solar plages in Ca K wavelength solar data obtained from the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-17 Sarvesh Gharat , Bhaskar Bose , Abhimanyu Borthakur , Rakesh Mazumder

We describe a new tool developed for solar flare forecasting on the base of some sunspot group properties. Assuming that the flare frequency follows the Poisson statistics, this tool uses a database containing the morphological…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-16 M. Falco , P. Costa , P. Romano

The relative number of sunspots represents the longest evidence describing the level of solar activity. As such, its use goes beyond solar physics, e.g. towards climate research. The construction of a single representative series is a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 Michal Švanda , Martina Pavelková , Jiří Dvořák , Božena Solarová

With recent advances in the field of machine learning, the use of deep neural networks for time series forecasting has become more prevalent. The quasi-periodic nature of the solar cycle makes it a good candidate for applying time series…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-27 B. Benson , W. D. Pan , A. Prasad , G. A. Gary , Q. Hu