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Medical images commonly exhibit multiple abnormalities. Predicting them requires multi-class classifiers whose training and desired reliable performance can be affected by a combination of factors, such as, dataset size, data source,…

Overconfidence in deep learning models poses a significant risk in high-stakes medical imaging tasks, particularly in multi-label classification of chest X-rays, where multiple co-occurring pathologies must be detected simultaneously. This…

While deep learning has shown promise in improving the automated diagnosis of disease based on chest X-rays, deep networks may exhibit undesirable behavior related to shortcuts. This paper studies the case of spurious class skew in which…

Deep learning for radiologic image analysis is a rapidly growing field in biomedical research and is likely to become a standard practice in modern medicine. On the publicly available NIH ChestX-ray14 dataset, containing X-ray images that…

The interpretation of chest radiographs is an essential task for the detection of thoracic diseases and abnormalities. However, it is a challenging problem with high inter-rater variability and inherent ambiguity due to inconclusive…

We propose a deep learning based method for classification of commonly occurring pathologies in chest X-ray images. The vast number of publicly available chest X-ray images provides the data necessary for successfully employing deep…

Although there have been several recent advances in the application of deep learning algorithms to chest x-ray interpretation, we identify three major challenges for the translation of chest x-ray algorithms to the clinical setting. We…

In this era of pandemic, the future of healthcare industry has never been more exciting. Artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI & ML) present opportunities to develop solutions that cater for very specific needs within the…

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks have consistently proven to achieve state-of-the-art results on a lot of imaging tasks over the past years' majority of which comprise of high-quality data. However, it is important to work on…

Machine learning systems have received much attention recently for their ability to achieve expert-level performance on clinical tasks, particularly in medical imaging. Here, we examine the extent to which state-of-the-art deep learning…

Chest X-rays play a pivotal role in diagnosing respiratory diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19, which are prevalent and present unique diagnostic challenges due to overlapping visual features and variability in image…

Recent advances in training deep learning models have demonstrated the potential to provide accurate chest X-ray interpretation and increase access to radiology expertise. However, poor generalization due to data distribution shifts in…

The ability to predict lung and heart based diseases using deep learning techniques is central to many researchers, particularly in the medical field around the world. In this paper, we present a unique outlook of a very familiar problem of…

Classifying chest radiographs is a time-consuming and challenging task, even for experienced radiologists. This provides an area for improvement due to the difficulty in precisely distinguishing between conditions such as pleural effusion,…

Chest X-ray imaging remains the primary diagnostic tool for pulmonary and cardiac disorders worldwide, yet its accuracy is hampered by radiologist shortages and inter-observer variability. This study presents a systematic comparative…

Vulnerability to adversarial attacks is a well-known weakness of Deep Neural Networks. While most of the studies focus on natural images with standardized benchmarks like ImageNet and CIFAR, little research has considered real world…

The advent of deep learning has significantly propelled the capabilities of automated medical image diagnosis, providing valuable tools and resources in the realm of healthcare and medical diagnostics. This research delves into the…

Purpose: To develop a machine learning model to classify the severity grades of pulmonary edema on chest radiographs. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 369,071 chest radiographs and associated radiology reports from 64,581…

The use of smartphones to take photographs of chest x-rays represents an appealing solution for scaled deployment of deep learning models for chest x-ray interpretation. However, the performance of chest x-ray algorithms on photos of chest…

Chest radiography is an effective screening tool for diagnosing pulmonary diseases. In computer-aided diagnosis, extracting the relevant region of interest, i.e., isolating the lung region of each radiography image, can be an essential step…