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Transformer neural networks (TNN) demonstrated state-of-art performance on many natural language processing (NLP) tasks, replacing recurrent neural networks (RNNs), such as LSTMs or GRUs. However, TNNs did not perform well in speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-12 Jaeyoung Kim , Mostafa El-Khamy , Jungwon Lee

Streaming recognition and segmentation of multi-party conversations with overlapping speech is crucial for the next generation of voice assistant applications. In this work we address its challenges discovered in the previous work on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-12 Ilya Sklyar , Anna Piunova , Christian Osendorfer

This paper investigates different trade-offs between the number of model parameters and enhanced speech qualities by employing several deep tensor-to-vector regression models for speech enhancement. We find that a hybrid architecture,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-04 Jun Qi , Hu Hu , Yannan Wang , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Chin-Hui Lee

This paper addresses the robust speech recognition problem as an adaptation task. Specifically, we investigate the cumulative application of adaptation methods. A bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) based neural network, capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Markus Kitza , Pavel Golik , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performances in many natural language processing tasks, such as language modeling and machine translation. However, when the vocabulary is large, the RNN model will become very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Xiang Li , Tao Qin , Jian Yang , Tie-Yan Liu

Recently, the Transformer machine translation system has shown strong results by stacking attention layers on both the source and target-language sides. But the inference of this model is slow due to the heavy use of dot-product attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Tong Xiao , Yinqiao Li , Jingbo Zhu , Zhengtao Yu , Tongran Liu

Modern wake word detection systems usually rely on neural networks for acoustic modeling. Transformers has recently shown superior performance over LSTM and convolutional networks in various sequence modeling tasks with their better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Yiming Wang , Hang Lv , Daniel Povey , Lei Xie , Sanjeev Khudanpur

We analyze the impact of speaker adaptation in end-to-end automatic speech recognition models based on transformers and wav2vec 2.0 under different noise conditions. By including speaker embeddings obtained from x-vector and ECAPA-TDNN…

It is generally believed that direct sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) speech recognition models are competitive with hybrid models only when a large amount of data, at least a thousand hours, is available for training. In this paper, we show…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-21 Zoltán Tüske , George Saon , Kartik Audhkhasi , Brian Kingsbury

Conversational speech, while being unstructured at an utterance level, typically has a macro topic which provides larger context spanning multiple utterances. The current language models in speech recognition systems using recurrent neural…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Srikanth Raj Chetupalli , Sriram Ganapathy

In this work, we focus on multilingual systems based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs), trained using the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) loss function. Using a multilingual set of acoustic units poses difficulties. To address…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-28 Markus Müller , Sebastian Stüker , Alex Waibel

Convolutional frontends are a typical choice for Transformer-based automatic speech recognition to preprocess the spectrogram, reduce its sequence length, and combine local information in time and frequency similarly. However, the width and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-13 Belen Alastruey , Lukas Drude , Jahn Heymann , Simon Wiesler

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models have demonstrated strong state of the art performance on translation tasks where well-formed training and evaluation data are provided, but they remain sensitive to inputs that include errors of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Daniel Li , Te I , Naveen Arivazhagan , Colin Cherry , Dirk Padfield

Advanced neural network models have penetrated Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) in recent years, however, in language modeling many systems still rely on traditional Back-off N-gram Language Models (BNLM) partly or entirely. The reason…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-04 Balázs Tarján , György Szaszák , Tibor Fegyó , Péter Mihajlik

Recently, the development of pre-trained language models has brought natural language processing (NLP) tasks to the new state-of-the-art. In this paper we explore the efficiency of various pre-trained language models. We pre-train a list of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Tong Guo

This paper presents a class of new fast non-trainable entropy-based confidence estimation methods for automatic speech recognition. We show how per-frame entropy values can be normalized and aggregated to obtain a confidence measure per…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-09 Aleksandr Laptev , Boris Ginsburg

Data-driven models achieve successful results in Speech Emotion Recognition (SER). However, these models, which are often based on general acoustic features or end-to-end approaches, show poor performance when the testing set has a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Duowei Tang , Peter Kuppens , Lucca Geurts , Toon van Waterschoot

Current deep neural network (DNN) based speech separation faces a fundamental challenge -- while the models need to be trained on short segments due to computational constraints, real-world applications typically require processing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-04 Yuzhu Wang , Archontis Politis , Konstantinos Drossos , Tuomas Virtanen

We present a meta-learning approach for adaptive text-to-speech (TTS) with few data. During training, we learn a multi-speaker model using a shared conditional WaveNet core and independent learned embeddings for each speaker. The aim of…

While end-to-end ASR systems have proven competitive with the conventional hybrid approach, they are prone to accuracy degradation when it comes to noisy and low-resource conditions. In this paper, we argue that, even in such difficult…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-02 Andrei Andrusenko , Aleksandr Laptev , Ivan Medennikov
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