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Einstein equations for several matter sources in Robertson-Walker and Bianchi I type metrics, are shown to reduce to a kind of second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation $\ddot{y}+\alpha f(y)\dot{y}+\beta f(y)\int{f(y) dy}+\gamma…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Luis P. Chimento

The transmission problem is a system of two second-order elliptic equations of two unknowns equipped with the Cauchy data on the boundary. After four decades of research motivated by scattering theory, the spectral properties of this…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Hoai-Minh Nguyen , Quoc-Hung Nguyen

For the system of second order quasilinear parabolic equations the problem of reducing them to the equations of diffusion type is considered. In non-degenerate case an effective algorithm for solving this problem is suggested.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 V. V. Dmitrieva , A. V. Gladkov , R. A. Sharipov

It is well known that second order linear ordinary differential equations with slowly varying coefficients admit slowly varying phase functions. This observation is the basis of the Liouville-Green method and many other techniques for the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-19 James Bremer

We propose a fine analysis of second order optimality conditions for the optimal control of semi-linear parabolic equations with respect to the initial condition. More precisely, we investigate the following problem: maximise with respect…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-07 Idriss Mazari-Fouquer , Grégoire Nadin

By solving an infinite nonlinear system of $q$-difference equations one constructs a chain of $q$-difference operators. The eigenproblems for the chain are solved and some applications, including the one related to $q$-Hahn orthogonal…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alina Dobrogowska , Anatol Odzijewicz

We consider instability of the Friedmann world model to the second-order in perturbations. We present the perturbed set of equations up to the second-order in the Friedmann background world model with general spatial curvature and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 H. Noh , J. Hwang

We derive the $\mathcal{T}$-matrix formalism tailored for numerical analysis of second-harmonic (SH) generation from arbitrarily shaped particles made of centrosymmetric optical materials. First, the transfer matrix of a single particle is…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-18 Ivan Sekulic , Ji Tong Wang , Jian Wei You , Nicolae C. Panoiu

This paper shows how to build a formal analytical solution for a differential equation of arbitrary order and with variable coefficients. It proofs that the most known approximated solutions for such a problem can be derived from the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-05-26 Mauro Bologna

The constraints on the scaling properties of conserved charge densities in the vicinity of a zero temperature ($T$), second-order quantum phase transition are studied. We introduce a generalized Wilson ratio, characterizing the non-linear…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Subir Sachdev

We bring forward a logical system of transition algebras that enhances many-sorted first-order logic using features from dynamic logics. The sentences we consider include compositions, unions, and transitive closures of transition…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Hashimoto Go , Daniel Găină , Ionuţ Ţuţu

We systematically introduce an approach to the analysis and (numerical) solution of a broad class of nonlinear unconstrained optimal control problems, involving ordinary and distributed systems. Our approach relies on exact representations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Nikolay Pogodaev , Maxim Staritsyn

A geometric approach to Sundman transformation defined by basic functions for systems of second-order differential equations is developed and the necessity of a change of the tangent structure by means of the function defining the Sundman…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-04-04 José F. Cariñena , Eduardo Martínez , Miguel C. Muñoz-Lecanda

Here, Darboux's classical results about transformations with differential substitutions for hyperbolic equations are extended to the case of parabolic equations of the form $L u = \big(D^2_{x} + a(x,y) D_x + b(x,y) D_y + c(x,y)\big)u=0$. We…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2008-12-17 S. P. Tsarev , E. Shemyakova

We investigate integral formulations and fast algorithms for the steady-state radiative transfer equation with isotropic and anisotropic scattering. When the scattering term is a smooth convolution on the unit sphere, a model reduction step…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Yuwei Fan , Jing An , Lexing Ying

In this paper we show that an arbitrary solution of one ordinary difference equation is also a solution for a hierarchy of integrable difference equations. We also provide an example of such a solution that is related to sequence generated…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-01-25 Andrei K. Svinin

The linearization problem by use of the Cartan equivalence method for scalar third-order ODEs via point transformations was solved partially in [1,2]. In order to solve this problem completely, the Cartan equivalence method is applied to…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-11-14 Ahmad Y. Al-Dweik , M. T. Mustafa , F. M. Mahomed , R. S. Alassar

Let $F(x,y)$ be an irreducible binary form of degree $\geq 3$ with integer coefficients and with real roots. Let $M$ be an imaginary quadratic field, with ring of integers $Z_M$. Let $K>0$. We describe an efficient method how to reduce the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-10-22 István Gaál , Borka Jadrijević , László Remete

We prove that for every separately twice differentiable solution $f$ of the PDE $f"_{xx}=f"_{yy}$ is of the form $f(x,y)=\phi(x+y)+\psi(x-y)$ for some twice differentiable functions $\phi, \psi$.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-12-19 Taras Banakh , Volodymyr Mykhaylyuk

We consider a Sturm-Liouville operator on a finite interval as well as a scattering problem on the real line both with transfer conditions at the origin. On a finite interval we show that the the Titchmarsh-Weyl $m$-function can be uniquely…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-20 Sonja Currie , Marlena Nowaczyk , Bruce A. Watson