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Inferring planetary parameters from transit timing variations is challenging for small exoplanets because their transits may be so weak that determination of individual transit timing is difficult or impossible. We implement a useful…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-24 Gideon Yoffe , Aviv Ofir , Oded Aharonson

We analyze the deviations of transit times from a linear ephemeris for the Kepler Objects of Interest (KOI) through Quarter six (Q6) of science data. We conduct two statistical tests for all KOIs and a related statistical test for all pairs…

Using new data from the K2 mission, we show that WASP-47, a previously known hot Jupiter host, also hosts two additional transiting planets: a Neptune-sized outer planet and a super-Earth inner companion. We measure planetary properties…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-17 Juliette C. Becker , Andrew Vanderburg , Fred C. Adams , Saul A. Rappaport , Hans Martin Schwengeler

We perform dynamical fits to the Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) of Kepler-419b. The TTVs from 17 Kepler quarters are obtained from Holczer et al (2016, ApJS 225,9). The dynamical fits are performed using the MultiNest Bayesian inference…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-14 X. Saad-Olivera , A. Costa de Souza , F. Roig , D. Nesvorny

Transit timing variations (TTV) are considered a tool for constraining the masses of transiting planets in the absence of radial-velocity data. Although theoretical studies have long revealed that TTV mass determinations intrinsically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Sheng Jin , Dong-Hong Wu , Xiao-Ling Xu , Jianghui Ji

We present new ways to identify single and multiple moons around extrasolar planets using planetary transit timing variations (TTVs) and transit duration variations (TDVs). For planets with one moon, measurements from successive transits…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-06 René Heller , Michael Hippke , Ben Placek , Daniel Angerhausen , Eric Agol

Motivated by recent discussions, both in private and in the literature, we use a Monte Carlo simulation of planetary systems to investigate sources of bias in determining the mass-radius distribution of exoplanets for the two primary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-03 Jason H. Steffen

The high planetary multiplicity revealed by Kepler implies that Transit Time Variations (TTVs) are intrinsically common. The usual procedure for detecting these TTVs is biased to long-period, deep transit planets whereas most transiting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-31 Aviv Ofir , Ji-Wei Xie , Chao-Feng Jiang , Re'em Sari , Oded Aharonson

Few planetary systems have measured mutual inclinations, and even less are found to be non-coplanar. Observing the gravitational interactions between exoplanets is an effective tool to detect non-transiting companions to transiting planets.…

We visually analyzed the Transit Timing Variation (TTV) data of 5930 Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs) homogeneously. Using data from Rowe et al. 2014 and Holczer et al. 2016, we investigated TTVs for KOIs in Kepler's Data Release 24…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 Mackenzie Kane , Darin Ragozzine , Xzavier Flowers , Tomer Holczer , Tsevi Mazeh , Howard M. Relles

We present new observations of the transiting system TrES-3 obtained from 2009 to 2011 at several observatories. The orbital parameters of the system were re- determined and a new linear ephemeris was calculated. The best quality light…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 M. Vanko , G. Maciejewski , M. Jakubik , T. Krejcova , J. Budaj , T. Pribulla , J. Ohlert , St. Raetz , S. Parimucha , L. Bukowiecki

Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) can be induced by a range of physical phenomena, including planet-planet interactions, planet-moon interactions, and stellar activity. Recent work has shown that roughly half of moons would induce fast TTVs…

As the number of known exoplanets continues to grow, the question as to whether such bodies harbour satellite systems has become one of increasing interest. In this paper, we explore the transit timing effects that should be detectable due…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 David M. Kipping

In this paper we investigate systems previously identified to exhibit transit timing variations (TTVs) in Kepler data, with the goal of predicting the expected improvements to the mass and eccentricity constraints that will arise from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-20 Max Goldberg , Sam Hadden , Matthew J. Payne , Matthew J. Holman

The convergent migration of two planets in a gaseous disc can lead to capture in mean motion resonance (MMR). In addition, pairs of planets in or near MMRs are known to produce strong transit timing variations (TTVs). In this paper we study…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-28 Jean Teyssandier , Anne-Sophie Libert

An exomoon will produce transit timing variations (TTVs) upon the parent planet and their undersampled nature causes half of such TTVs to manifest within a frequency range of 2 to 4 cycles, irrespective of exomoon demographics. Here, we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-07 David Kipping , Daniel A. Yahalomi

The deviations of the mid-transit times of an exoplanet from a linear ephemeris are usually the result of gravitational interactions with other bodies in the system. However, these types of transit timing variations (TTV) can also be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-07 P. Ioannidis , J. H. M. M. Schmitt

The Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) are deviations of the measured mid-transit times from the exact periodicity. One of the most interesting causes of TTVs is the gravitational interaction between planets. Here we consider a case of two…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-01 D. Nesvorny , D. Vokrouhlicky

We investigate whether there is a variation in the orbital period of the short-period brown dwarf-mass KELT-1\,b, which is one of the best candidates to observe orbital decay. We obtain 19 high-precision transit light curves of the target…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-01 Ö. Baştürk , J. Southworth , S. Yalçınkaya , L. Mancini , E. M. Esmer , M. Tekin , F. Tezcan , D. F. Evans , C. T. Tezcan , I. Bruni , C. Yeşilyaprak

The determination of planetary densities from the masses derived with the radial velocity (RV) and transit-timing variation (TTV) methods reveals discrepancies. Specifically, planets detected through RV exhibit higher densities than those…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-07 V. Adibekyan , S. G. Sousa , S. C. C. Barros , E. Delgado Mena , N. C. Santos , G. Israelian , Zh. Martirosyan , A. A. Hakobyan