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We study the randomness properties of reals with respect to arbitrary probability measures on Cantor space. We show that every non-computable real is non-trivially random with respect to some measure. The probability measures constructed in…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-05-16 Jan Reimann , Theodore A. Slaman

We study a natural measurable selection problem for which the standard uniformisation theorems do not seem to apply directly, yet a Borel selector exists. More precisely, we consider families of finite dimensional functions that admit…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Eugenio Clerico

We study equivalent descriptions of the vague, weak, setwise and total-variation (TV) convergence of sequences of Borel measures on metrizable and non-metrizable topological spaces in this work. On metrizable spaces, we give some equivalent…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-04-29 Liangang Ma

An $N$-element interferometer measures correlations among pairs of array elements. Closure invariants associated with closed loops among array elements are immune to multiplicative, element-based ("local") corruptions that occur in these…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-01 Nithyanandan Thyagarajan , Rajaram Nityananda , Joseph Samuel

We discuss two ways to construct standard probability measures, called push-down measures, from internal probability measures. We show that the Wasserstein distance between an internal probability measure and its push-down measure is…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-10-07 Haosui Duanmu , William Weiss

In this paper, we study the properties of the Eberlein convolution of measures and introduce a twisted version of it. For functions we show that the twisted Eberlein convolution can be seen as a translation invariant function-valued inner…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Daniel Lenz , Timo Spindeler , Nicolae Strungaru

Measurements are shown to be processes designed to return figures: they are effective. This effectivity allows for a formalization as Turing machines, which can be described employing computation theory. Inspired in the halting problem we…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Aldo F. G. Solis-Labastida , Jorge G. Hirsch

In finite mixture models, apart from underlying mixing measure, true kernel density function of each subpopulation in the data is, in many scenarios, unknown. Perhaps the most popular approach is to choose some kernel functions that we…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Nhat Ho , XuanLong Nguyen , Ya'acov Ritov

The (e,n)-complexity functions describe total instability of trajectories in dynamical systems. They reflect an ability of trajectories going through a Borel set to diverge on the distance $\epsilon$ during the time interval n. Behavior of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Valentin Afraimovich , Lev Glebsky

We consider empirical measures in a triangular array setup with underlying distributions varying as sample size grows. We study asymptotic properties of multiple integrals with respect to normalized empirical measures. Limit theorems…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-05 Shuyang Bai , Jiemiao Chen

The aim of this paper is to prove ergodic decomposition theorems for probability measures quasi-invariant under Borel actions of inductively compact groups (Theorem 1) as well as for sigma-finite invariant measures (Corollary 1). For…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-07-28 Alexander I. Bufetov

We prove that under certain explicit conditions, the Mahler measure of a three-variable polynomial can be expressed in terms of elliptic curve $L$-values and Bloch-Wigner dilogarithmmic values, conditionally on Beilinson's conjecture. In…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Thu Ha Trieu

We show that the set of Liouville numbers is either null or non-$\sigma$-finite with respect to every translation invariant Borel measure on $\RR$, in particular, with respect to every Hausdorff measure $\iH^g$ with gauge function $g$. This…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-09-27 Márton Elekes , Tamás Keleti

The modern framework of state transformers, i. e., the first Kraus representation of quantum measurement, is introduced and related both to the known textbook concepts and to measurement-interaction evolution (the second Kraus…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fedor Herbut

In this paper we investigate the following questions. Let $\mu, \nu$ be two regular Borel measures of finite total variation. When do we have a constant $C$ satisfying $$\int f d\nu \le C \int f d\mu$$ whenever $f$ is a continuous…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-22 Marcell Gaál , Szilárd Gy. Révész

A popular view in contemporary Boltzmannian statistical mechanics is to interpret the measures as typicality measures. In measure-theoretic dynamical systems theory measures can similarly be interpreted as typicality measures. However, a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 Charlotte Werndl

The quantum mechanical measurement problem is the difficulty of dealing with the indefiniteness of the pointer observable at the conclusion of a measurement process governed by unitary quantum dynamics. There has been hope to solve this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Busch , A. Shimony

Quantum metrology is a general term for methods to precisely estimate the value of an unknown parameter by actively using quantum resources. In particular, some classes of entangled states can be used to significantly suppress the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-01 Takanori Sugiyama

In a variety of applications it is important to extract information from a probability measure $\mu$ on an infinite dimensional space. Examples include the Bayesian approach to inverse problems and possibly conditioned) continuous time…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-02 Frank Pinski , Gideon Simpson , Andrew Stuart , Hendrik Weber

We consider a hard core (HC) model with a countable set $\mathbb{Z}$ of spin values on the Cayley tree. This model is defined by a countable set of parameters $\lambda_{i}>0, i \in \mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}$. For all possible values of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-02-22 U. A. Rozikov , F. H. Haydarov
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