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Animals and robots must right themselves after flipping over on the ground. The discoid cockroach pushes its wings against the ground in an attempt to dynamically self-right by a somersault. However, because this maneuver is strenuous, the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Qihan Xuan , Chen Li

Geometric mechanics provides valuable insights into how biological and robotic systems use changes in shape to move by mechanically interacting with their environment. In high-friction environments it provides that the entire interaction is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zvi Chapnik , Yizhar Or , Shai Revzen

Humans possess delicate dynamic balance mechanisms that enable them to maintain stability across diverse terrains and under extreme conditions. However, despite significant advances recently, existing locomotion algorithms for humanoid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Weiji Xie , Chenjia Bai , Jiyuan Shi , Junkai Yang , Yunfei Ge , Weinan Zhang , Xuelong Li

Developing a framework for the locomotion of a six-legged robot or a hexapod is a complex task that has extensive hardware and computational requirements. In this paper, we present a bio-inspired framework for the locomotion of a hexapod.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Advait Lonkar , Sarthak Khoche , Shrisha Rao

Stabilizing legged robot locomotion on a dynamic rigid surface (DRS) (i.e., rigid surface that moves in the inertial frame) is a complex planning and control problem. The complexity arises due to the hybrid nonlinear walking dynamics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Amir Iqbal , Yan Gu

Locomotion is typically studied either in continuous media where bodies and legs experience forces generated by the flowing medium, or on solid substrates dominated by friction. In the former, centralized coordination is believed to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Baxi Chong , Juntao He , Shengkai Li , Eva Erickson , Kelimar Diaz , Tianyu Wang , Daniel Soto , Daniel I. Goldman

Quadrupedal robots hold promising potential for applications in navigating cluttered environments with resilience akin to their animal counterparts. However, their floating base configuration makes them vulnerable to real-world…

Unknown dynamic load carrying is one important practical application for quadruped robots. Such a problem is non-trivial, posing three major challenges in quadruped locomotion control. First, how to model or represent the dynamics of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Leixin Chang , Yuxuan Nai , Hua Chen , Liangjing Yang

The development of versatile robots capable of traversing challenging and irregular environments is of increasing interest in the field of robotics, and metameric robots have been identified as a promising solution due to their slender,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Qinyan Zhou , Hongbin Fang , Zhihai Bi , Jian Xu

Legged robot locomotion is hindered by a mismatch between applications where legs can outperform wheels or treads, most of which feature deformable substrates, and existing tools for planning and control, most of which assume flat, rigid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Daniel J. Lynch , Jason L. Pusey , Sean W. Gart , Paul B. Umbanhowar , Kevin M. Lynch

Quadruped robots are designed to achieve agile and robust locomotion by drawing inspiration from legged animals. However, most existing control methods for quadruped robots lack a key capacity observed in animals: the ability to exhibit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Aoqian Zhang , Zixuan Zhuang , Chunzheng Wang , Shuzhi Sam Ge , Fan Shi , Cheng Xiang

Legged robots face significant challenges in moving and navigating on deformable and highly yielding terrain such as mud. We present a resistive force model for legged foot-mud interactions. The model captures rheological behaviors such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xunjie Chen , Liuyin Wang , Xinyan Huang , Jerry Shan , Yantao Shen , Jingang Yi

Despite the progress in legged robotic locomotion, autonomous navigation in unknown environments remains an open problem. Ideally, the navigation system utilizes the full potential of the robots' locomotion capabilities while operating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Jonas Frey , David Hoeller , Shehryar Khattak , Marco Hutter

Deformable substrates such as sand and mud present significant challenges for terrestrial robots due to complex robot-terrain interactions. Inspired by mudskippers, amphibious animals that naturally adjust their tail morphology and movement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shipeng Liu , Meghana Sagare , Shubham Patil , Feifei Qian

Sidewinding, a locomotion strategy characterized by the coordination of lateral and vertical body undulations, is frequently observed in rattlesnakes and has been successfully reconstructed by limbless robotic systems for effective movement…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Velin Kojouharov , Tianyu Wang , Matthew Fernandez , Jiyeon Maeng , Daniel I. Goldman

Automated animal behavior analysis relies on long-term, interpretable individual trajectories; however, multi-animal tracking in space science experimental videos remains highly challenging due to weak appearance cues, low-quality imaging,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Jianing You , Han Wang , Kang Liu , Jiale Ding , Fengjie Chu , Zihan Guo , Shengyang Li

Crocodiles, known as one of the oldest and most resilient species on Earth, have demonstrated remarkable locomotor abilities both on land and in water, evolving over millennia to adapt to diverse environments. In this paper, we draw…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Jun Wang , Jingya Zheng , Yuhang Zhao , Kai Yang

Energy management is a fundamental challenge for legged robots in outdoor environments. Endurance directly constrains mission success, while efficient resource use reduces ecological impact. This paper investigates how terrain slope and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Mohamed Ounally , Cyrille Pierre , Johann Laconte

Recent progress in legged locomotion has allowed highly dynamic and parkour-like behaviors for robots, similar to their biological counterparts. Yet, these methods mostly rely on egocentric (first-person) perception, limiting their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Rémy Rahem , Wael Suleiman

Recent research on mobile robots has focused on increasing their adaptability to unpredictable and unstructured environments using soft materials and structures. However, the determination of key design parameters and control over these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Keqi Zhu , Haotian Guo , Wei Yu , Hassen Nigatu , Tong Li , Huixu Dong