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Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) is a powerful technique providing for crystal structure solutions of sub-micron sized crystals too small for structure determination via X-ray techniques. The entry requirement, however, of a…
Conventional X-ray methods use incoming plane waves and result in discrete diffraction patterns when scattered at crystals. Here we find, by a systematic method, incoming waveforms which exhibit discrete diffraction patterns when scattered…
Quantitative low-energy electron diffraction [LEED $I(V)$ or LEED $I(E)$, the evaluation of diffraction intensities $I$ as a function of the electron energy] is a versatile technique for the study of surface structures. The technique is…
A review of theoretical models of diffractive structure functions in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) is presented with a view to highlighting distinctive features, that may be distinguished experimentally. In particular, predictions for the…
Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful tools for missing data imputation by modeling the joint distribution of observed and unobserved variables. However, existing methods, typically based on stochastic denoising diffusion…
Differentiable programming has facilitated numerous methodological advances in scientific computing. Physics engines supporting automatic differentiation have simpler code, accelerating the development process and reducing the maintenance…
Dirac-delta distributions are often crucial components of the solid-fluid coupling operators in immersed solution methods for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems. This is certainly so for methods like the Immersed Boundary Method…
We report on a matrix-based diffraction integral that evaluates the focal field of any diffraction-limited axisymmetric complex system. This diffraction formula is a generalization of the Debye integral applied to apertured focused beams,…
Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) with billions of model parameters form the backbone of popular image and video generation models like DALL.E, Stable-Diffusion and SORA. Though these models are necessary in many low-latency applications like…
Generative diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in producing high-quality images. However, these models typically operate in continuous intensity spaces, diffusing independently across pixels and color channels. As a result,…
The diffraction trace formula ({\em Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 73}, 2304 (1994)) and spectral determinant are tested on the open three disk scattering system. The system contains a generic and exponentially growing number of diffraction…
Intensity diffraction tomography (IDT) refers to a class of optical microscopy techniques for imaging the 3D refractive index (RI) distribution of a sample from a set of 2D intensity-only measurements. The reconstruction of artifact-free RI…
We applied the analysis of x-ray intensity angular correlation function to dilute ensembles of identical spinel crystals. Firstly, we show that the angular correlation from measured diffraction patterns with many crystals per shot converges…
Density Functional Theory (DFT) is one of the most widely used methods for "ab initio" calculations of the structure of atoms, molecules, crystals, surfaces, and their interactions. Unfortunately, the customary introduction to DFT is often…
Diffusion models are widely recognized for their ability to generate high-fidelity images. Despite the excellent performance and scalability of the Diffusion Transformer (DiT) architecture, it applies fixed compression across different…
Diffusion Transformer (DiT) faces challenges when generating images with higher resolution compared at training resolution, causing especially structural degradation due to attention dilution. Previous approaches attempt to mitigate this by…
The self-diffusion constant D is expressed in terms of transitions among the local minima of the potential (inherent structure, IS) and their correlations. The formulae are evaluated and tested against simulation in the supercooled,…
Diffraction gratings with large angular dispersion rates are central to obtaining high spectral resolution in grating spectrometers operating over a broad spectral range from infrared to soft-x-ray domains. The greatest challenge is of…
We show that the Fourier transform of the Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) amplitude with respect to the skewness variable $\zeta$ at fixed invariant momentum transfer squared $t$ provides a unique way to visualize the structure of…
We review diffractive deep inelastic scattering (DIS) in the light of the collinear factorization theorem. This theorem allows to define diffractive parton distributions in the leading twist approach. Due to its selective final states,…