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Enhancing the precision of a thermodynamic process inevitably necessitates a thermodynamic cost. This notion was recently formulated as the thermodynamic uncertainty relation, which states that the lower bound on the relative variance of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-14 Yoshihiko Hasegawa

Recent years have witnessed a surge of discoveries in the studies of thermodynamic inequalities: the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) and the entropic bound (EB) provide a lower bound on the entropy production (EP) in terms of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-06 Euijoon Kwon , Jong-Min Park , Jae Sung Lee , Yongjoo Baek

We study energetic exchanges and fluctuations in two-stroke quantum thermodynamic engines where the working fluid is represented by two multilevel quantum systems, i.e. qudits, the heat flow is allowed by relaxation with two thermal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-03 Massimiliano F. Sacchi

A deeper understanding of the differences between quantum and classical dynamics promises great potential for emerging technologies. Nevertheless, some aspects remain poorly understood, particularly concerning the role of quantum coherence…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-09 Kacper Prech , Philip Johansson , Elias Nyholm , Gabriel T. Landi , Claudio Verdozzi , Peter Samuelsson , Patrick P. Potts

It is known that temperature estimates of macroscopic systems in equilibrium are most precise when their energy fluctuations are large. However, for nanoscale systems deviations from standard thermodynamics arise due to their interactions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-14 Harry J. D. Miller , Janet Anders

Clocks are inherently out-of-equilibrium because, due to friction, they constantly consume free energy to keep track of time. The Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation (TUR) quantifies the trade-off between the precision of any…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-05 Ashwin Gopal , Massimiliano Esposito , Nahuel Freitas

We demonstrate that the charge value of transport mechanisms heavily impacts the validity of thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs). Specifically, we show within the framework of full counting statistics, that the recently established…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 David Christian Ohnmacht , Wolfgang Belzig , Juan Carlos Cuevas

The precision and response of trajectory observables offer valuable insights into the behavior of nonequilibrium systems. For classical systems, trade-offs between these characteristics and thermodynamic costs, such as entropy production…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Tan Van Vu

The theory of stochastic thermodynamics has revealed many useful fluctuation relations, with the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) being a theorem of major interest. When many nonequilibrium currents interact with each other, a naive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-16 Michalis Chatzittofi , Ramin Golestanian , Jaime Agudo-Canalejo

We derive a thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) for first-passage times (FPTs) on continuous time Markov chains. The TUR utilizes the entropy production coming from bidirectional transitions, and the net flux coming from unidirectional…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-11 Arnab Pal , Shlomi Reuveni , Saar Rahav

The thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) provide lower bounds on the entropy production (EP) of a system in terms of the statistical precision of an arbitrary current in that system. All conventional TURs derived so far have concerned…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-19 Gülce Kardeş , David H. Wolpert

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) quantifies a relationship between current fluctuations and dissipation in out-of-equilibrium overdamped Langevin dynamics, making it a natural counterpart of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-04 Rueih-Sheng Fu , Todd R. Gingrich

Nonequilibrium current fluctuations represent one of the central topics in nonequilibrium physics. The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) is widely acclaimed for rigorously establishing a lower bound on current fluctuations, expressed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-09 Van Tuan Vo , Andreas Dechant , Keiji Saito

Non-equilibrium effects may have a profound impact on the performance of thermal devices performing thermodynamic tasks such as refrigeration or heat pumping. The possibility of enhancing the performance of thermodynamic operations by means…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Kenza Hammam , Gonzalo Manzano , Gabriele De Chiara

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) are the inequalities which give lower bounds on the entropy production rate using only the mean and the variance of fluctuating currents. Since the TURs do not refer to the full details of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-25 Shun Otsubo , Sosuke Ito , Andreas Dechant , Takahiro Sagawa

We determine the zero-frequency charge current noise in a metal-molecule-metal junction embedded in a thermal environment, e.g., a solvent, dominated by sequential charge transmission described by a classical master equation, and study its…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Henning Kirchberg , Abraham Nitzan

Thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) bounds coherence in stochastic oscillatory systems. In this paper, we show that both dynamical and thermodynamic bounds play important roles for the excitable oscillators, e.g. neurons. Firstly, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-24 Chunming Zheng

Thermodynamic (TUR) and kinetic (KUR) uncertainty relations are fundamental bounds constraining the fluctuations of current observables in classical, non-equilibrium systems. Several works have verified, however, violations of these…

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation quantifies a trade-off between the relative fluctuations of trajectory currents and the thermodynamic cost, indicating that the current precision is fundamentally constrained by entropy production. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Ryotaro Honma , Tan Van Vu

Quantum decoherence is seen as an undesired source of irreversibility that destroys quantum resources. Quantum coherences seem to be a property that vanishes at thermodynamic equilibrium. Away from equilibrium, quantum coherences challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-13 César A. Rodríguez-Rosario , Thomas Frauenheim , Alán Aspuru-Guzik