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The dominant approaches to text representation in natural language rely on learning embeddings on massive corpora which have convenient properties such as compositionality and distance preservation. In this paper, we develop a novel method…

In the study of heavy tail data, several models have been introduced. If the interest is in the tail of the distribution, block maxima or excess over thresholds are the typical approaches, wasting relevant information in the bulk of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-10 Luis E. Nieto-Barajas

Extreme-value copulas arise in the asymptotic theory for componentwise maxima of independent random samples. An extreme-value copula is determined by its Pickands dependence function, which is a function on the unit simplex subject to…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-11-30 Gordon Gudendorf , Johan Segers

Extreme value theory provides rigorous theory and statistical tools for extrapolation in machine learning, particularly in settings where traditional methods struggle due to data scarcity in the tails. A broad range of tasks benefit from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-05 Sebastian Engelke , Nicola Gnecco , Anne Sabourin

Heavy tailed phenomena are naturally analyzed by extreme value statistics. A crucial step in such an analysis is the estimation of the extreme value index, which describes the tail heaviness of the underlying probability distribution. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-07-18 Hanan Ahmed , John H. J. Einmahl

One potential solution to combat the scarcity of tail observations in extreme value analysis is to integrate information from multiple datasets sharing similar tail properties, for instance, a common extreme value index. In other words, for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-25 Liujun Chen , Marco Oesting , Chen Zhou

In multivariate extreme value analysis, the nature of the extremal dependence between variables should be considered when selecting appropriate statistical models. Interest often lies with determining which subsets of variables can take…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-19 Emma S. Simpson , Jennifer L. Wadsworth , Jonathan A. Tawn

We study the statistics of the maximum and minimum of a set of $N$ random variables whose dynamical and statistical properties fall within the scope of infinite ergodic theory. These non-stationary yet recurrent systems are described, in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-09 Talia Baravi , Eli Barkai

Modelling multivariate tail dependence is one of the key challenges in extreme-value theory. Multivariate extremes are usually characterized using parametric models, some of which have simpler submodels at the boundary of their parameter…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-17 Anna Kiriliouk

In this paper we perform an analytical and numerical study of Extreme Value distributions in discrete dynamical systems that have a singular measure. Using the block maxima approach described in Faranda et al. [2011] we show that,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2011-06-14 Davide Faranda , Valerio Lucarini , Giorgio Turchetti , Sandro Vaienti

Heavy-tailed probability distributions are extremely useful and play a crucial role in modeling different types of financial data sets. This study presents a two-pronged methodology. First, a mixture probability distribution is created by…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-14 Pankaj Kumar , Vivek Vijay

Extreme values modeling has attracting the attention of researchers in diverse areas such as the environment, engineering, or finance. Multivariate extreme value distributions are particularly suitable to model the tails of multidimensional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-16 Helena Ferreira , Marta Ferreira

In this paper we consider the extreme behavior of the extremal eigenvalues of white Wishart matrices, which plays an important role in multivariate analysis. In particular, we focus on the case when the dimension of the feature p is much…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-07-27 Tiefeng Jiang , Kevin Leder , Gongjun Xu

The study of multivariate extremes is dominated by multivariate regular variation, although it is well known that this approach does not provide adequate distinction between random vectors whose components are not always simultaneously…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Natalia Nolde , Jennifer L. Wadsworth

Seemingly unrelated linear regression models are introduced in which the distribution of the errors is a finite mixture of Gaussian components. Identifiability conditions are provided. The score vector and the Hessian matrix are derived.…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-03-18 Giuliano Galimberti , Elena Scardovi , Gabriele Soffritti

Whether an extreme observation is an outlier or not, depends strongly on the corresponding tail behaviour of the underlying distribution. We develop an automatic, data-driven method to identify extreme tail behaviour that deviates from the…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-06 Shrijita Bhattacharya , Jan Beirlant

For purposes of Value-at-Risk estimation, we consider several multivariate families of heavy-tailed distributions, which can be seen as multidimensional versions of Paretian stable and Student's t distributions allowing different marginals…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2011-12-20 Carlo Marinelli , Stefano d'Addona , Svetlozar T. Rachev

The extreme value theory is very popular in applied sciences including Finance, economics, hydrology and many other disciplines. In univariate extreme value theory, we model the data by a suitable distribution from the general max-domain of…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-09 Abhik Ghosh

Extreme value statistics provides accurate estimates for the small occurrence probabilities of rare events. While theory and statistical tools for univariate extremes are well-developed, methods for high-dimensional and complex data sets…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-06 Sebastian Engelke , Jevgenijs Ivanovs

The possibilities of the use of the coefficient of variation over a high threshold in tail modelling are discussed. The paper also considers multiple threshold tests for a generalized Pareto distribution, together with a threshold selection…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-10-02 J. Castillo , M. Padilla