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Financial systems run nonstop and must stay reliable even during cyber incidents. Modern attacks move across many services (apps, APIs, identity, payment rails), so defenders must make a sequence of actions under time pressure. Most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Srikumar Nayak

Popular methods in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with partially observable environments typically allow agents to act independently during execution, which may limit the coordinated effect of the trained policies. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Faizan Contractor , Li Li , Ranwa Al Mallah

We address the problem of deploying a reinforcement learning (RL) agent on a physical system such as a datacenter cooling unit or robot, where critical constraints must never be violated. We show how to exploit the typically smooth dynamics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Gal Dalal , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Matej Vecerik , Todd Hester , Cosmin Paduraru , Yuval Tassa

Safe and efficient autonomous driving maneuvers in an interactive and complex environment can be considerably challenging due to the unpredictable actions of other surrounding agents that may be cooperative or adversarial in their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Pin Wang , Ching-Yao Chan , Hanhan Li

Models and games are simplified representations of the world. There are many different kinds of models, all differing in complexity and which aspect of the world they allow us to further our understanding of. In this paper we focus on a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Joseph Christian G. Noel

The cybersecurity threat landscape has lately become overly complex. Threat actors leverage weaknesses in the network and endpoint security in a very coordinated manner to perpetuate sophisticated attacks that could bring down the entire…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Mohit Sewak , Sanjay K. Sahay , Hemant Rathore

Modern network defense can benefit from the use of autonomous systems, offloading tedious and time-consuming work to agents with standard and learning-enabled components. These agents, operating on critical network infrastructure, need to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Nicholas Potteiger , Ankita Samaddar , Hunter Bergstrom , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Large Language Model (LLM) agents can leverage tools such as Google Search to complete complex tasks. However, this tool usage introduces the risk of indirect prompt injections, where malicious instructions hidden in tool outputs can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zizhao Wang , Dingcheng Li , Vaishakh Keshava , Phillip Wallis , Ananth Balashankar , Peter Stone , Lukas Rutishauser

In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) related technology has expanded knowledge in the area, bringing to light new problems and challenges that require solutions. Furthermore, because the technology allows processes usually carried…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Cristian Millán-Arias , Ruben Contreras , Francisco Cruz , Bruno Fernandes

Reinforcement Learning (RL) applications in real-world scenarios must prioritize safety and reliability, which impose strict constraints on agent behavior. Model-based RL leverages predictive world models for action planning and policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Artem Latyshev , Gregory Gorbov , Aleksandr I. Panov

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents are powerful tools for managing power grids. They use large amounts of data to inform their actions and receive rewards or penalties as feedback to learn favorable responses for the system. Once trained,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Benjamin M. Peter , Mert Korkali

Reinforcement learning (RL) in the real world necessitates the development of procedures that enable agents to explore without causing harm to themselves or others. The most successful solutions to the problem of safe RL leverage offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Alexander Quessy , Thomas Richardson , Sebastian East

Recently, empowered with the powerful capabilities of neural networks, reinforcement learning (RL) has successfully tackled numerous challenging tasks. However, while these models demonstrate enhanced decision-making abilities, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhengpeng Xie , Yulong Zhang

The last few years have seen an explosion of interest in autonomous cyber defence agents based on deep reinforcement learning. Such agents are typically trained in a cyber gym environment, also known as a cyber simulator, at least 32 of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Elizabeth Bates , Chris Hicks , Vasilios Mavroudis

The growing sophistication of contemporary cyber threats necessitates a more effective and adaptive approach to cybersecurity training. Intuitive and adaptive approaches to learning, which are often required, are not provided in traditional…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mary Nusrat , Sarfuddin Bhuiyan , Gahangir Hossain

Language model (LM) agents have gained significant attention for their ability to autonomously complete tasks through interactions with environments, tools, and APIs. LM agents are primarily built with prompt engineering or supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Renxi Wang , Rifo Ahmad Genadi , Bilal El Bouardi , Yongxin Wang , Fajri Koto , Zhengzhong Liu , Timothy Baldwin , Haonan Li

Although Reinforcement Learning (RL) is effective for sequential decision-making problems under uncertainty, it still fails to thrive in real-world systems where risk or safety is a binding constraint. In this paper, we formulate the RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Yannis Flet-Berliac , Debabrota Basu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in fields like robotics and autonomous driving, but adversarial attacks designed to mislead RL systems remain challenging. Existing approaches often rely on modifying the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Junyong Jiang , Buwei Tian , Chenxing Xu , Songze Li , Lu Dong

Safe interaction with the environment is one of the most challenging aspects of Reinforcement Learning (RL) when applied to real-world problems. This is particularly important when unsafe actions have a high or irreversible negative impact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Erik Aumayr , Saman Feghhi , Filippo Vannella , Ezeddin Al Hakim , Grigorios Iakovidis

Recent advances in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) have largely focused on improving the performance of agents with the aim of replacing humans in known and well-defined environments. The use of these techniques as a game design tool for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Alessandro Sestini , Alexander Kuhnle , Andrew D. Bagdanov
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