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The future large adaptive telescopes will trigger new constraints for the calibration of Adaptive Optics (AO) systems equipped with pre-focal Deformable Mirrors (DM). The image of the DM actuators grid as seen by the Wave-Front Sensor (WFS)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-26 C. T. Heritier , T. Fusco , S. Oberti , B. Neichel , S. Esposito , P. -Y. Madec

The next generation of extreme adaptive optics (AO) must be calibrated exceptionally well to achieve the desired contrast for ground-based direct imaging exoplanet targets. Current wavefront sensing and control system responses deviate from…

For high-contrast imaging (HCI) systems, such as VLT/SPHERE, the performance of the system at small angular separations is contaminated by the wind-driven halo in the science image. This halo is a result of the servo-lag error in the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 M. A. M. van Kooten , Niek Doelman , Matthew Kenworthy

The Magellan extreme adaptive optics (MagAO-X) instrument is a new extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) system designed for operation in the visible to near-IR which will deliver high contrast-imaging capabilities. The main AO system will be…

Astronomical telescopes suffer from a tradeoff between field of view (FoV) and image resolution: increasing the FoV leads to an optical field that is under-sampled by the science camera. This work presents a novel computational imaging…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-07 Robin Swanson , Esther Y. H. Lin , Masen Lamb , Suresh Sivanandam , Kiriakos N. Kutulakos

We present a promising approach to the extremely fast sensing and correction of small wavefront errors in adaptive optics systems. As our algorithm's computational complexity is roughly proportional to the number of actuators, it is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-26 Christoph U. Keller , Visa Korkiakoski , Niek Doelman , Rufus Fraanje , Raluca Andrei , Michel Verhaegen

The main objective of the present project is to explore the viability of an adaptive optics control system based exclusively on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), making strong use of their parallel processing capability. In an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-03 Avinash Surendran , Mahesh P. Burse , A. N. Ramaprakash , Padmakar Parihar

High-contrast imaging systems using active control with adaptive optics (AO) are often limited by non-common path (NCP) aberrations that are seen only at the final science image. AO systems employing focal-plane wavefront sensors (FP-WFSs)…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-22 Aditya R. Sengupta , Lisa A. Poyneer , Benjamin L. Gerard , Rebecca Jensen-Clem , Aaron J. Lemmer

This article describes the implementation of a focal plane based wavefront control loop on the high-contrast imaging instrument SCExAO (Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics). The sensor relies on the Fourier analysis of conventional…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-07 Frantz Martinache , Nemanja Jovanovic , Olivier Guyon

Imaging faint objects, such as exoplanets or disks, around nearby stars is extremely challenging because host star images are dominated by the telescope diffraction pattern. Using a coronagraph is an efficient solution for removing…

Exoplanet detection and characterization through extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) is a key science goal of future extremely large telescopes. This achievement, however, will be limited in sensitivity by both quasi-static wavefront errors and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Benjamin L. Gerard , Christian Marois , Raphaël Galicher , Jean-Pierre Véran

Astronomical adaptive optics (AO) is a critical approach to enable ground-based diffraction-limited imaging and high contrast science, with the potential to enable habitable exoplanet imaging on future extremely large telescopes. However,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Benjamin L. Gerard , Aaron Lemmer , Bautista R. Fernandez , Xiaoxing Xia , Cesar Laguna , Mike Kim , Stephen Mark Ammons , Brian Bauman , Lisa Poyneer

The detection and characterisation of extra-solar planets is a major theme driving modern astronomy, with the vast majority of such measurements being achieved by Doppler radial-velocity and transit observations. Another technique -- direct…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Barnaby Norris , Nick Cvetojevic , Simon Gross , Nemanja Jovanovic , Paul N. Stewart , Ned Charles , Jon S. Lawrence , Michael J. Withford , Peter Tuthill

Current and future high contrast imaging instruments aim to detect exoplanets at closer orbital separations, lower masses, and/or older ages than their predecessors, with the eventual goal of directly detecting terrestrial-mass…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-31 Benjamin L. Gerard , Daren Dillon , Sylvain Cetre , Rebecca Jensen-Clem , Thomas D Yuzvinsky , Holger Schmidt

We propose a novel control approach that combines offline supervised learning to address the challenges posed by non-linear phase reconstruction using unmodulated pyramid wavefront sensors (P-WFS) and online reinforcement learning for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-24 Bartomeu Pou , Jeffrey Smith , Eduardo Quinones , Mario Martin , Damien Gratadour

An adaptive optics system with a single deformable mirror is being implemented on the THEMIS 90cm solar telescope. This system is designed to operate in the visible and is required to be as robust as possible in order to deliver the best…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-11 Michel Tallon , Éric Thiébaut , Maud Langlois , Bernard Gelly , Richard Douet , Clémentine Béchet , Loïc Denis , Gil Moretto

Direct imaging and spectral characterization of exoplanets using extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) is a key science goal of future extremely large telescopes and space observatories. However, quasi-static wavefront errors will limit the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 Benjamin L. Gerard , Christian Marois , Raphaël Galicher

Astronomical adaptive optics systems with open-loop deformable mirror control have recently come on-line. In these systems, the deformable mirror surface is not included in the wavefront sensor paths, and so changes made to the deformable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Alastair Basden , Richard Myers , Eric Gendron

Direct detection and detailed characterization of exoplanets using extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) is a key science goal of future extremely large telescopes (ELTs). However, wavefront errors will limit the sensitivity of this endeavor.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-11 Benjamin L. Gerard , Christian Marois , Raphaël Galicher , Pierre Baudoz , Polychronis Patapis , Jonas Kühn

Recent advances in adaptive optics (AO) have led to the implementation of wide field-of-view AO systems. A number of wide-field AO systems are also planned for the forthcoming Extremely Large Telescopes. Such systems have multiple wavefront…