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Low dose CT is of great interest in these days. Dose reduction raises noise level in projections and decrease image quality in reconstructions. Model based image reconstruction can combine statistical noise model together with prior…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-10-16 Kaichao Liang , Li Zhang , Yirong Yang , HongKai Yang , Yuxiang Xing

Ladder networks are a notable new concept in the field of semi-supervised learning by showing state-of-the-art results in image recognition tasks while being compatible with many existing neural architectures. We present the recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Marian Tietz , Tayfun Alpay , Johannes Twiefel , Stefan Wermter

A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is sometimes confronted with objects of changing appearance ( new instances) that exceed its generalization capability. This requires the CNN to incorporate new knowledge, i.e., to learn incrementally.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Tobias Scheck , Ana Perez Grassi , Gangolf Hirtz

Decompositions of networks are useful not only for structural exploration. They also have implications and use in analysis and computational solution of processes (such as the Ising model, percolation, SIR model) running on a given network.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-04-29 Konstantin Klemm

In this work, we develop a novel technique for reconstructing images from projection-based nano- and microtomography. Our contribution focuses on enhancing reconstruction quality, particularly for specimen composed of homogeneous material…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Anuraag Mishra , Andrea Gilch , Benjamin Apeleo Zubiri , Jan Rolfes , Frauke Liers

Automated pathology segmentation remains a valuable diagnostic tool in clinical practice. However, collecting training data is challenging. Semi-supervised approaches by combining labelled and unlabelled data can offer a solution to data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Haochuan Jiang , Agisilaos Chartsias , Xinheng Zhang , Giorgos Papanastasiou , Scott Semple , Mark Dweck , David Semple , Rohan Dharmakumar , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

The adoption of "human-in-the-loop" paradigms in computer vision and machine learning is leading to various applications where the actual data acquisition (e.g., human supervision) and the underlying inference algorithms are closely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Won Hwa Kim , Mona Jalal , Seongjae Hwang , Sterling C. Johnson , Vikas Singh

A new method to construct task graphs for \mcH-matrix arithmetic is introduced, which uses the information associated with all tasks of the standard recursive \mcH-matrix algorithms, e.g., the block index set of the matrix blocks involved…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Steffen Börm , Sven Christophersen , Ronald Kriemann

We describe a computationally efficient, stochastic graph-regularization technique that can be utilized for the semi-supervised training of deep neural networks in a parallel or distributed setting. We utilize a technique, first described…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-31 Sunil Thulasidasan , Jeffrey Bilmes , Garrett Kenyon

In general, image restoration involves mapping from low quality images to their high-quality counterparts. Such optimal mapping is usually non-linear and learnable by machine learning. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks have…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 Yuan Zhou , Xiaoting Du , Yeda Zhang , Sun-Yuan Kung

We define and construct a new data structure, the tables, this structure generalizes the (finite) $k$-sets sets of Eilenberg \cite{Ei}, it is versatile (one can vary the letters, the words and the coefficients). We derive from this…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Cyrille Bertelle , Gérard Henry Edmond Duchamp , Khalaf Khatatneh

Neural networks are essential components of learning-based software systems. However, their high compute, memory, and power requirements make using them in low resources domains challenging. For this reason, neural networks are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 João Batista P. Matos , Iury Bessa , Edoardo Manino , Xidan Song , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Despite the power of deep neural networks for a wide range of tasks, an overconfident prediction issue has limited their practical use in many safety-critical applications. Many recent works have been proposed to mitigate this issue, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Jooyoung Moon , Jihyo Kim , Younghak Shin , Sangheum Hwang

Despite the recent developments that allowed neural networks to achieve impressive performance on a variety of applications, these models are intrinsically affected by the problem of overgeneralization, due to their partitioning of the full…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Giacomo Spigler

A key property of neural networks (both biological and artificial) is how they learn to represent and manipulate input information in order to solve a task. Different types of representations may be suited to different types of tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Ryan Pyle , Sebastian Musslick , Jonathan D. Cohen , Ankit B. Patel

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various real-world applications. However, GNNs may be trained on undesirable graph data, which can degrade their performance and reliability. To enable trained GNNs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jiahao Zhang , Lin Wang , Shijie Wang , Wenqi Fan

Deep learning has shown promising results in medical image analysis, however, the lack of very large annotated datasets confines its full potential. Although transfer learning with ImageNet pre-trained classification models can alleviate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Ken C. L. Wong , Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood , Mehdi Moradi

In this effort we propose a novel approach for reconstructing multivariate functions from training data, by identifying both a suitable network architecture and an initialization using polynomial-based approximations. Training deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Joseph Daws , Clayton G. Webster

Bayesian networks are probabilistic graphical models often used in big data analytics. The problem of exact structure learning is to find a network structure that is optimal under certain scoring criteria. The problem is known to be NP-hard…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Subhadeep Karan , Jaroslaw Zola

Sequence modeling tasks across domains such as natural language processing, time series forecasting, and control require learning complex input-output mappings. Nonlinear recurrence is theoretically required for universal approximation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Manuel Brenner , Georgia Koppe