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In the (2+2) formulation of general relativity spacetime is foliated by a two-parameter family of spacelike 2-surfaces (instead of the more usual one-parameter family of spacelike 3-surfaces). In a partially gauge-fixed setting (double-null…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 Richard J. Epp

In the doubled field theory approach to string theory, the T-duality group is promoted to a manifest symmetry at the expense of replacing ordinary Riemannian geometry with generalised geometry on a doubled space. The local symmetries are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 David S. Berman , Hadi Godazgar , Mahdi Godazgar , Malcolm J. Perry

We discuss the algebra of general gauge theories that are described by the embedding tensor formalism. We compare the gauge transformations dependent and independent of an invariant action, and argue that the generic transformations lead to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-01-13 Frederik Coomans , Jan De Rydt , Antoine Van Proeyen

The basic theorem of the Lagrangian formulation for general superfield theory of fields (GSTF) is proved. The gauge transformations of general type (GTGT) and gauge algebra of generators of GTGT (GGTGT) as the consequences of the above…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 A. A. Reshetnyak

Gauge fields in exotic representations of the Lorentz group in D dimensions - i.e. ones which are tensors of mixed symmetry corresponding to Young tableaux with arbitrary numbers of rows and columns - naturally arise through massive string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 P. de Medeiros , C. Hull

We perform an in-depth analysis of the transformation rules under duality for couplings of theories containing multiple scalars, $p$-form gauge fields, linearized gravitons or $(p,1)$ mixed symmetry tensors. Following a similar reasoning to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-07 Athanasios Chatzistavrakidis , Georgios Karagiannis , Arash Ranjbar

We define generalized dualities for heterotic and type I strings based on consistent truncations to half-maximal gauged supergravities in more than three dimensions. The latter are constructed from a generalized Scherk-Schwarz ansatz in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-24 Falk Hassler , Yuho Sakatani , Luca Scala

Double Field Theory (DFT) has emerged as a comprehensive framework for gravity, presenting a testable and robust alternative to General Relativity (GR), rooted in the $\mathbf{O}(D,D)$ symmetry principle of string theory. These lecture…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-09 Jeong-Hyuck Park

This paper studies nonlinear deformations of the linear gauge theory of any number of spin-2 and spin-3/2 fields with general formal multiplication rules in place of standard Grassmann rules for manipulating the fields, in four spacetime…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Stephen C. Anco

We review double field theory (DFT) with emphasis on the doubled spacetime and its generalized coordinate transformations, which unify diffeomorphisms and b-field gauge transformations. We illustrate how the composition of generalized…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-17 Olaf Hohm , Dieter Lust , Barton Zwiebach

We suggest a new action for a ``dual'' gravity in a stringy $R$, $Q$ flux background. The construction is based on degree-$2$ graded symplectic geometry with a homological vector field. The structure we consider is non-canonical and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-01 Eugenia Boffo , Peter Schupp

Double field theory was developed by theoretical physicists as a way to encompass $T$-duality. In this paper, we express the basic notions of the theory in differential-geometric invariant terms, in the framework of para-Kaehler manifolds.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Izu Vaisman

We propose a Lorentz invariant version of Tseytlin's doubled worldsheet theory that makes T-duality covariance of the string manifest. This theory can be derived as a gauge fixed version of Buscher's gauging procedure, in which the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-03-14 Stefan Groot Nibbelink , Peter Patalong

The fundamental symmetries in gravity and gauge theories, formulated using differential forms, are gauge transformations and diffeomorphisms. These symmetries act in distinct ways on different dynamical fields. Yet, the commutator of these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-01 O. Ramírez , Y. Bonder

Field theoretical models with first order Lagrangean can be formulated in a covariant Hamiltonian formalism. In this article, the geometrical construction of the Gerstenhaber structure that encodes the equations of motion is explained for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Cornelius Paufler

We study a class of duality transformations in generalised Z(2) gauge theories and Ising models on two- and three-dimensional compact lattices. The theories are interpreted algebraically in terms of the structure constants of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 N. Yokomizo , P. Teotonio-Sobrinho

The recent investigation of the gauge structure of extended geometry is generalised to situations when ancillary transformations appear in the commutator of two generalised diffeomorphisms. The relevant underlying algebraic structure turns…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-03-18 Martin Cederwall , Jakob Palmkvist

Gauge symmetry enhancing, at specific points of the compactification space, is a distinguished feature of string theory. In this work we discuss the breaking of such symmetries with tools provided by Double Field Theory (DFT). As a main…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-02 G. Aldazabal , E. Andres , Martin Mayo , J. A. Rosabal

The doubled formulation of string theory, which is T-duality covariant and enlarges spacetime with extra coordinates conjugate to winding number, is reformulated and its geometric and topological features examined. It is used to formulate…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 C M Hull

By doubling the target space of a canonical Courant algebroid and subsequently projecting down to a specific subbundle, we identify the data of double field theory (DFT) and hence define its algebroid structure. We specify the properties of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-03-13 Athanasios Chatzistavrakidis , Larisa Jonke , Fech Scen Khoo , Richard J. Szabo