Related papers: Polychromatic Electric Field Knots
The fundamental polarization singularities of monochromatic light are normally associated with invariance under coordinated rotations: symmetry operations that rotate the spatial dependence of an electromagnetic field by an angle $\theta$…
The curves of zero intensity of a complex optical field can form knots and links: optical vortex knots. Both theoretical constructions and experiments have so far been restricted to the very small families of torus knots or lemniscate…
Optical vortex knots have been realized in monochromatic laser beams, but monochromatic fields are stationary and their topology is frozen. Here we show that knotted spatiotemporal vortices, whose phase singularities form closed loops in…
Singular optics aims to understand and manipulate light's topological defects, pioneered by the discovery that phase vortex lines, strands of destructive interference, naturally occur in scalar wave fields. Monochromatic electromagnetic…
We introduce and examine a collection of unusual electromagnetic disturbances. Each of these is an exact, monochromatic solution of Maxwell's equations in free space with looped electric and magnetic field lines of finite extent and a…
We consider complex 3D polarizations in the interference of several vector wave fields with different commensurable frequencies and polarizations. We show that the resulting polarizations can form knots, and interfering three waves is…
We propose an antenna designed to generate monochromatic electromagnetic knots and other "unusual electromagnetic disturbances" in the microwave domain. Our antenna is a spherical array of radiating dipolar elements configured to…
Three-dimensional three-colour percolation on a lattice made of tetrahedra is a direct generalization of two-dimensional two-colour percolation on the triangular lattice. The interfaces between one-colour clusters are made of bicolour…
The polarization of light can exhibit unusual features when singular optical beams are involved. In 3-dimensional polarized random media the polarization orientation around singularities describe 1/2 or 3/2 M\"obius strips. It has been…
Optical vortices generically arise when optical beams are combined. Recently, we reported how several laser beams containing optical vortices could be combined to form optical vortex loops, links and knots embedded in a light beam (Leach et…
The polarization state of the optical electromagnetic field lying several nanometers above complex dielectric structures reveals the intricate light-matter interaction that occurs in this near-field zone. This information can only be…
Knots are fascinating topological structures that have been observed in various contexts, ranging from micro-worlds to macro-systems, and are conjectured to play a fundamental role in their respective fields. In order to characterize their…
Optical links and knots have attracted growing attention owing to their exotic topologic features and promising applications in next-generation information transfer and storage. However, current protocols for optical topology realization…
Vortices in electron beams can manifest several types of topological phenomena, such as the formation of exotic structures or interactions with topologically structured electromagnetic fields. For instance, the wavefunction of an electron…
In last 50 years, a significant progress was noticed in medicine, communications and entertainment. Such advanced development of these fields was directly related to ability of controlling light. Photonics is exactly about this ability. At…
In nonparaxial, monochromatic light the electric and magnetic fields generally have different energy densities, different singularities and different polarisation structures. A topological picture of the electric field or magnetic field in…
Tightly focused light beams can exhibit electric fields spinning around any axis including the one transverse to the beams' propagation direction. At certain focal positions, the corresponding local polarization ellipse can degenerate into…
Electromagnetic plane waves, solutions to Maxwell's equations, are said to be `transverse' in vacuum. Namely, the waves' oscillatory electric and magnetic fields are confined within a plane transverse to the waves' propagation direction.…
We study the electric field around a continuous one-dimensional loop of static charge, under the assumption that the charge is distributed uniformly along the loop. For rectangular or stadium-shaped loops in the plane, we find that the…
As the size of an optical vortex knot, imprinted in a coherent light beam, is decreased, nonparaxial effects alter the structure of the knotted optical singularity. For knot structures approaching the scale of wavelength, longitudinal…