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In 2019, B\'ona and Smith introduced the notion of strong pattern avoidance, saying that a permutation $\pi$ strongly avoids a pattern $\sigma$ if $\pi$ and $\pi^2$ both avoid $\sigma$. Recently, Archer and Geary generalized the idea of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Robin D. P. Zhou , Yongchun Zang

Partially ordered patterns (POPs) play an important role in the study of permutation patterns, providing a convenient framework for describing large families of classical patterns. The problem of enumerating permutations that avoid POPs has…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Shiqi Cao , Huihua Gao , Sergey Kitaev , Yitian Li

We say that a word $w$ on a totally ordered alphabet avoids the word $v$ if there are no subsequences in $w$ order-equivalent to $v$. In this paper we suggest a new approach to the enumeration of words on at most $k$ letters avoiding a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Petter Brändén , Toufik Mansour

We determine a set of permutation patterns $q$ so that the number of permutations with $r$ occurrences of $q$ is asymptotically $n^r$ times the number of permutations avoiding $q$, partially settling a conjecture of Conway and Guttman. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Michael Waite

We consider a random permutation drawn from the set of 321-avoiding permutations of length $n$ and show that the number of occurrences of another pattern $\sigma$ has a limit distribution, after scaling by $n^{m+\ell}$ where $m$ is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-12-22 Svante Janson

In the context of the genome rearrangement problem, we analyze two well known models, namely the block transposition and the prefix block transposition models, by exploiting the connection with the notion of permutation pattern. More…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-09 Giulio Cerbai , Luca Ferrari

Given a permutation pattern p and an equivalence relation on permutations, we study the corresponding equivalence classes all of whose members avoid p. Four relations are studied: Conjugacy, order isomorphism, Knuth-equivalence and toric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-06-01 Henning Ulfarsson

We present some results on the proportion of permutations of length $n$ containing certain mesh patterns as $n$ grows large, and give exact enumeration results in some cases. In particular, we focus on mesh patterns where entire rows and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-24 Dejan Govc , Jason P. Smith

This paper is part of the ongoing effort to study high-dimensional permutations. We prove the analogue to the Erd\H{o}s-Szekeres theorem: For every $k\ge1$, every order-$n$ $k$-dimensional permutation contains a monotone subsequence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-24 Nathan Linial , Michael Simkin

We study a subset of permutations, where entries are restricted to having the same remainder as the index, modulo some integer $k \geq 2$. We show that when also imposing the classical 132- or 213-avoidance restriction on the permutations,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-04 Per Alexandersson , Samuel Asefa Fufa , Frether Getachew , Dun Qiu

This article introduces an analogue of permutation classes in the context of polyominoes. For both permutation classes and polyomino classes, we present an original way of characterizing them by avoidance constraints (namely, with excluded…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-08 Daniela Battaglino , Mathilde Bouvel , Andrea Frosini , Simone Rinaldi

We complete the enumeration of Dumont permutations of the second kind avoiding a pattern of length 4 which is itself a Dumont permutation of the second kind. We also consider some combinatorial statistics on Dumont permutations avoiding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Burstein , Sergi Elizalde , Toufik Mansour

We define a class L_{n, k} of permutations that generalizes alternating (up-down) permutations and give bijective proofs of certain pattern-avoidance results for this class. As a special case of our results, we give two bijections between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Joel Brewster Lewis

We completely classify the asymptotic behavior of the number of alternating sign matrices classically avoiding a single permutation pattern, in the sense of [Johansson and Linusson 2007]. In particular, we give a uniform proof of an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Mathilde Bouvel , Eric S. Egge , Rebecca N. Smith , Jessica Striker , Justin M. Troyka

A permutation of the positive integers avoiding monotone arithmetic progressions of length $4$ with odd common difference was constructed in (LeSaulnier and Vijay, 2011). We generalise this result and show that for each $k\geq 1$, there…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-28 Sarosh Adenwalla

For a given permutation $\tau$, let $P_N^{\tau}$ be the uniform probability distribution on the set of $N$-element permutations $\sigma$ that avoid the pattern $\tau$. For $\tau=\mu_k:=123\cdots k$, we consider $P_N^{\mu_k}(\sigma_I=J)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-28 Neal Madras , Lerna Pehlivan

We study permutations on n elements preserving orientation (parity) of every subset of size k. We describe all groups of these permutations. Unexpectedly, these groups (except for some special cases) are either trivial, cyclic or dihedral.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Vitor Fernandes , Alexei Vernitski

In this work we obtain recurrent formulae for the number of permutations with either increasing or monotonic (i.e., both increasing and decreasing) runs of bounded length. Our formulae allow one to efficiently compute the number of such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-25 Max A. Alekseyev

We analyze the structure and enumerate Dumont permutations of the first and second kinds avoiding certain patterns or sets of patterns of length 3 and 4. Some cardinalities are given by Catalan numbers, powers of 2, little Schroeder…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Burstein

We obtain an explicit formula for the variance of the number of $k$-peaks in a uniformly random permutation. This is then used to obtain an asymptotic formula for the variance of the length of longest $k$-alternating subsequence in random…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Recep Altar Çiçeksiz , Yunus Emre Demirci , Ümit Işlak