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Several manufacturers have already started to commercialize near-bank Processing-In-Memory (PIM) architectures. Near-bank PIM architectures place simple cores close to DRAM banks and can yield significant performance and energy improvements…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Christina Giannoula , Ivan Fernandez , Juan Gómez-Luna , Nectarios Koziris , Georgios Goumas , Onur Mutlu

Many modern workloads, such as neural networks, databases, and graph processing, are fundamentally memory-bound. For such workloads, the data movement between main memory and CPU cores imposes a significant overhead in terms of both latency…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Ivan Fernandez , Christina Giannoula , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Onur Mutlu

Recent studies from several hyperscalars pinpoint to embedding layers as the most memory-intensive deep learning (DL) algorithm being deployed in today's datacenters. This paper addresses the memory capacity and bandwidth challenges of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Youngeun Kwon , Yunjae Lee , Minsoo Rhu

The computational power of High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems is constantly increasing, however, their input/output (IO) performance grows relatively slowly, and their storage capacity is also limited. This unbalance presents…

Several manufacturers have already started to commercialize near-bank Processing-In-Memory (PIM) architectures. Near-bank PIM architectures place simple cores close to DRAM banks and can yield significant performance and energy improvements…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Christina Giannoula , Ivan Fernandez , Juan Gómez-Luna , Nectarios Koziris , Georgios Goumas , Onur Mutlu

Edge deployment of low-batch large language models (LLMs) faces critical memory bandwidth bottlenecks when executing memory-intensive general matrix-vector multiplications (GEMV) operations. While digital processing-in-memory (PIM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ye Lin , Chao Fang , Xiaoyong Song , Qi Wu , Anying Jiang , Yichuan Bai , Li Du

The rapidly growing popularity and scale of data-parallel workloads demand a corresponding increase in raw computational power of GPUs (Graphics Processing Units). As single-GPU systems struggle to satisfy the performance demands, multi-GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Yifan Sun , Trinayan Baruah , Saiful A. Mojumder , Shi Dong , Rafael Ubal , Xiang Gong , Shane Treadway , Yuhui Bao , Vincent Zhao , José L. Abellán , John Kim , Ajay Joshi , David Kaeli

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly require processing long text sequences, but GPU memory limitations force difficult trade-offs between memory capacity and bandwidth. While HBM-based acceleration offers high bandwidth, its capacity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Qingyuan Liu , Liyan Chen , Yanning Yang , Haocheng Wang , Dong Du , Zhigang Mao , Naifeng Jing , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

We report numerical results on solving constrained linear-quadratic model predictive control (MPC) problems by exploiting graphics processing units (GPUs). The presented method reduces the MPC problem by eliminating the state variables and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-11 David Cole , Sungho Shin , François Pacaud , Victor M. Zavala , Mihai Anitescu

As the size of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models and datasets grows, the memory bandwidth becomes a critical bottleneck. The paper presents a novel extended memory hierarchy that addresses some major memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jordi Altayo , Paul Delestrac , David Novo , Simey Yang , Debjyoti Bhattacharjee , Francky Catthoor

Our ISCA 2015 paper provides a new programmable processing-in-memory (PIM) architecture and system design that can accelerate key data-intensive applications, with a focus on graph processing workloads. Our major idea was to completely…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Junwhan Ahn , Sungpack Hong , Sungjoo Yoo , Onur Mutlu , Kiyoung Choi

This paper introduces the eGPU, a SIMT soft processor designed for FPGAs. Soft processors typically achieve modest operating frequencies, a fraction of the headline performance claimed by modern FPGA families, and obtain correspondingly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Martin Langhammer , George Constantinides

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have traditionally relied on the host CPU to initiate access to the data storage. This approach is well-suited for GPU applications with known data access patterns that enable partitioning of their dataset…

Graph analytics are vital in fields such as social networks, biomedical research, and graph neural networks (GNNs). However, traditional CPUs and GPUs struggle with the memory bottlenecks caused by large graph datasets and their…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Oluwole Jaiyeoba , Abdullah T. Mughrabi , Morteza Baradaran , Beenish Gul , Kevin Skadron

Current soft processor architectures for FPGAs do not utilize the potential of the massive parallelism available. FPGAs now support many thousands of embedded floating point operators, and have similar computational densities to GPGPUs.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Martin Langhammer , George A. Constantinides

The ever-increasing quest for data-level parallelism and variable precision in ubiquitous multimedia and Deep Neural Network (DNN) applications has motivated the use of Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD) architectures. To alleviate…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Zahra Ebrahimi , Salim Ullah , Akash Kumar

Digital processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures are rapidly emerging to overcome the memory-wall bottleneck by integrating logic within memory elements. Such architectures provide vast computational power within the memory itself in the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Orian Leitersdorf , Dean Leitersdorf , Jonathan Gal , Mor Dahan , Ronny Ronen , Shahar Kvatinsky

Processing-using-DRAM has been proposed for a limited set of basic operations (i.e., logic operations, addition). However, in order to enable full adoption of processing-using-DRAM, it is necessary to provide support for more complex…

Edge computing is a popular target for accelerating machine learning algorithms supporting mobile devices without requiring the communication latencies to handle them in the cloud. Edge deployments of machine learning primarily consider…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Sébastien Ollivier , Sheng Li , Yue Tang , Chayanika Chaudhuri , Peipei Zhou , Xulong Tang , Jingtong Hu , Alex K. Jones

Memory-centric computing aims to enable computation capability in and near all places where data is generated and stored. As such, it can greatly reduce the large negative performance and energy impact of data access and data movement, by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Onur Mutlu