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Differentially private zeroth-order optimization methods have recently gained popularity in private fine tuning of machine learning models due to their reduced memory requirements. Current approaches for privatizing zeroth-order methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Devansh Gupta , Meisam Razaviyayn , Vatsal Sharan

We study gradient testing and gradient estimation of smooth functions using only a comparison oracle that, given two points, indicates which one has the larger function value. For any smooth $f\colon\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb R$,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Xiwen Tao , Chenyi Zhang , Helin Wang , Yexin Zhang , Tongyang Li

We present a hybrid a-priori/a-posteriori goal oriented error estimator for a combination of dynamic iteration-based solution of ordinary differential equations discretized by finite elements. Our novel error estimator combines estimates…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Erik Weyl , Andreas Bartel , Manuel Schaller

In this paper we focus on the linear functionals defining an approximate version of the gradient of a function. These functionals are often used when dealing with optimization problems where the computation of the gradient of the objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Marco Boresta , Tommaso Colombo , Alberto De Santis , Stefano Lucidi

Current state-of-the-art multi-objective optimization solvers, by computing gradients of all $m$ objective functions per iteration, produce after $k$ iterations a measure of proximity to critical conditions that is upper-bounded by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-26 I. F. D. Oliveira , R. H. C. Takahashi

In a variety of problems originating in supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning, the loss function is defined by an expectation over a collection of random variables, which might be part of a probabilistic model or the external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-06 John Schulman , Nicolas Heess , Theophane Weber , Pieter Abbeel

In policy gradient reinforcement learning, access to a differentiable model enables 1st-order gradient estimation that accelerates learning compared to relying solely on derivative-free 0th-order estimators. However, discontinuous dynamics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ku Onoda , Paavo Parmas , Manato Yaguchi , Yutaka Matsuo

We present a variant of accelerated gradient descent algorithms, adapted from Nesterov's optimal first-order methods, for weakly-quasi-convex and weakly-quasi-strongly-convex functions. We show that by tweaking the so-called estimate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-16 Jingjing Bu , Mehran Mesbahi

We propose an adaptive zeroth-order method for minimizing differentiable functions with $L$-Lipschitz continuous gradients. The method is designed to take advantage of the eventual compressibility of the gradient of the objective function,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Geovani Nunes Grapiglia , Daniel McKenzie

This work studies online zero-order optimization of convex and Lipschitz functions. We present a novel gradient estimator based on two function evaluations and randomization on the $\ell_1$-sphere. Considering different geometries of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Arya Akhavan , Evgenii Chzhen , Massimiliano Pontil , Alexandre B. Tsybakov

Variance reduction techniques are designed to decrease the sampling variance, thereby accelerating convergence rates of first-order (FO) and zeroth-order (ZO) optimization methods. However, in composite optimization problems, ZO methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Hao Di , Haishan Ye , Yueling Zhang , Xiangyu Chang , Guang Dai , Ivor W. Tsang

We develop a gradient-like algorithm to minimize a sum of peer objective functions based on coordination through a peer interconnection network. The coordination admits two stages: the first is to constitute a gradient, possibly with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-19 Sandushan Ranaweera , Chathuranga Weeraddana , Prathapasinghe Dharmawansa , Carlo Fischione

A parametric class of trust-region algorithms for unconstrained nonconvex optimization is considered where the value of the objective function is never computed. The class contains a deterministic version of the first-order Adagrad method…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-08 S. Gratton , S. Jerad , Ph. L. Toint

Zeroth-order (derivative-free) optimization attracts a lot of attention in machine learning, because explicit gradient calculations may be computationally expensive or infeasible. To handle large scale problems both in volume and dimension,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Bin Gu , Zhouyuan Huo , Heng Huang

The study of first-order optimization is sensitive to the assumptions made on the objective functions. These assumptions induce complexity classes which play a key role in worst-case analysis, including the fundamental concept of algorithm…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-30 Charles Guille-Escuret , Adam Ibrahim , Baptiste Goujaud , Ioannis Mitliagkas

We consider minimization of a smooth nonconvex function with inexact oracle access to gradient and Hessian (without assuming access to the function value) to achieve approximate second-order optimality. A novel feature of our method is that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-27 Shuyao Li , Stephen J. Wright

In this paper, we study optimization methods consisting of iteratively minimizing surrogates of an objective function. By proposing several algorithmic variants and simple convergence analyses, we make two main contributions. First, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-15 Julien Mairal

Zeroth-order optimization is a fundamental research topic that has been a focus of various learning tasks, such as black-box adversarial attacks, bandits, and reinforcement learning. However, in theory, most complexity results assert a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-03 Pengyun Yue , Long Yang , Cong Fang , Zhouchen Lin

We propose a projection-free conditional gradient-type algorithm for smooth stochastic multi-level composition optimization, where the objective function is a nested composition of $T$ functions and the constraint set is a closed convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Tesi Xiao , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Saeed Ghadimi

The usual approach to developing and analyzing first-order methods for smooth convex optimization assumes that the gradient of the objective function is uniformly smooth with some Lipschitz constant $L$. However, in many settings the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-11 Haihao Lu , Robert M. Freund , Yurii Nesterov