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We study the conditions under which a subsystem code is correctable in the presence of noise that results from continuous dynamics. We consider the case of Markovian dynamics as well as the general case of Hamiltonian dynamics of the system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-24 Ognyan Oreshkov , Daniel A. Lidar , Todd A. Brun

Hamiltonian quantum computing, such as the adiabatic and holonomic models, can be protected against decoherence using an encoding into stabilizer subspace codes for error detection and the addition of energy penalty terms. This method has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-15 Milad Marvian , Daniel Lidar

The stabilizing properties of one-error correcting jump codes are explored under realistic non-ideal conditions. For this purpose the quantum algorithm of the tent-map is decomposed into a universal set of Hamiltonian quantum gates which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Oliver Kern , Gernot Alber

Quantum error correcting codes enable the information contained in a quantum state to be protected from decoherence due to external perturbations. Applied to NMR, quantum coding does not alter normal relaxation, but rather converts the…

Covariant codes are quantum codes such that a symmetry transformation on the logical system could be realized by a symmetry transformation on the physical system, usually with limited capability of performing quantum error correction (an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Sisi Zhou , Zi-Wen Liu , Liang Jiang

This paper addresses and expands on the contents of the recent Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 030502 (2013)] discussing private quantum subsystems. Here we prove several previously presented results, including a condition for a given random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-10 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , David W. Kribs , Raymond Laflamme , Sarah Plosker

Dynamically corrected gates were recently introduced [Khodjasteh and Viola, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 080501 (2009)] as a tool to achieve decoherence-protected quantum gates based on open-loop Hamiltonian engineering. Here, we further expand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-17 Kaveh Khodjasteh , Lorenza Viola

Manipulating the state of a logical quantum bit usually comes at the expense of exposing it to decoherence. Fault-tolerant quantum computing tackles this problem by manipulating quantum information within a stable manifold of a larger…

This paper shows that Knill-Laflamme condition, known as a necessary and sufficient condition for quantum error-correction, can be applied to quantum errors where the number of particles changes before and after the error. This fact shows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Taro Shibayama

Quantum metrology aims to maximize measurement precision on quantum systems, with a wide range of applications in quantum sensing. Achieving the Heisenberg limit (HL) - the fundamental precision bound set by quantum mechanics - is often…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Zachary Mann , Ningping Cao , Raymond Laflamme , Sisi Zhou

Operator quantum error-correction is a technique for robustly storing quantum information in the presence of noise. It generalizes the standard theory of quantum error-correction, and provides a unified framework for topics such as quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Michael A. Nielsen , David Poulin

Estimating observable expectation values in eigenstates of quantum systems has a broad range of applications and is an area where early fault-tolerant quantum computers may provide practical quantum advantage. We develop a hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Bence Bakó , Tenzan Araki , Bálint Koczor

We present a quantum algorithm to simulate general finite dimensional Lindblad master equations without the requirement of engineering the system-environment interactions. The proposed method is able to simulate both Markovian and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-09 R. Di Candia , J. S. Pedernales , A. del Campo , E. Solano , J. Casanova

Quantum Error Correction will be necessary for preserving coherent states against noise and other unwanted interactions in quantum computation and communication. We develop a general theory of quantum error correction based on encoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 Emanuel Knill , Raymond Laflamme

One of the major challenges for erroneous quantum computers is undoubtedly the control over the effect of noise. Considering the rapid growth of available quantum resources that are not fully fault-tolerant, it is crucial to develop…

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is typically viewed as a suite of practical techniques for today's noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, with limited relevance once fault-tolerant quantum computers become available. In this work, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Zeyuan Zhou , Shaun Pexton , Aleksander Kubica , Yongshan Ding

In adversarial settings, where attackers can deliberately and strategically corrupt quantum data, standard quantum error correction reaches its limits. It can only correct up to half the code distance and must output a unique answer.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-12 Rahul Arvind , Nikhil Bansal , Dax Enshan Koh , Tobias Haug , Kishor Bharti

We analyze a time-continuous version of a cellular automaton decoder for the toric code in the form of a Lindblad master equation. In this setting, a self-correcting quantum memory becomes a thermodynamical phase of the steady state, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Sanjeev Kumar , Hendrik Weimer

One of the main methods for protecting quantum information against decoherence is to encode information in the ground subspace (or the low energy sector) of a Hamiltonian with a large energy gap which penalizes errors from environment. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-05 Iman Marvian

Is the notion of a quantum computer resilient to thermal noise unphysical? We address this question from a constructive perspective and show that local quantum Hamiltonian models provide self-correcting quantum computers. To this end, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-31 H. Bombin , R. W. Chhajlany , M. Horodecki , M. A. Martin-Delgado