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Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has shown remarkable success in solving complex tasks across various research fields. However, transferring DRL agents to the real world is still challenging due to the significant discrepancies between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Dianzhao Li , Ostap Okhrin

Autonomous navigation of terrestrial robots using Reinforcement Learning (RL) from LIDAR observations remains challenging due to the high dimensionality of sensor data and the sample inefficiency of model-free approaches. Conventional…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is well known for requiring large amounts of data in order for RL agents to learn to perform complex tasks. Recent progress in model-based RL allows agents to be much more data-efficient, as it enables them to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Remo Sasso , Matthia Sabatelli , Marco A. Wiering

Deep reinforcement learning has proven to be a great success in allowing agents to learn complex tasks. However, its application to actual robots can be prohibitively expensive. Furthermore, the unpredictability of human behavior in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Mohammad Thabet , Massimiliano Patacchiola , Angelo Cangelosi

Intelligent agents need to generalize from past experience to achieve goals in complex environments. World models facilitate such generalization and allow learning behaviors from imagined outcomes to increase sample-efficiency. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Danijar Hafner , Timothy Lillicrap , Mohammad Norouzi , Jimmy Ba

World Models have vastly permeated the field of Reinforcement Learning. Their ability to model the transition dynamics of an environment have greatly improved sample efficiency in online RL. Among them, the most notorious example is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Federico Malato , Ville Hautamäki

Training self-driving cars is often challenging since they require a vast amount of labeled data in multiple real-world contexts, which is computationally and memory intensive. Researchers often resort to driving simulators to train the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Avinash Amballa , Advaith P. , Pradip Sasmal , Sumohana Channappayya

Learning task-agnostic dynamics models in high-dimensional observation spaces can be challenging for model-based RL agents. We propose a novel way to learn latent world models by learning to predict sequences of future actions conditioned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Keiran Paster , Sheila A. McIlraith , Jimmy Ba

Training visual reinforcement learning agents in a high-dimensional open world presents significant challenges. While various model-based methods have improved sample efficiency by learning interactive world models, these agents tend to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiajian Li , Qi Wang , Yunbo Wang , Xin Jin , Yang Li , Wenjun Zeng , Xiaokang Yang

Planning - the ability to analyze the structure of a problem in the large and decompose it into interrelated subproblems - is a hallmark of human intelligence. While deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise for solving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Lunjun Zhang , Ge Yang , Bradly C. Stadie

Much of model-based reinforcement learning involves learning a model of an agent's world, and training an agent to leverage this model to perform a task more efficiently. While these models are demonstrably useful for agents, every…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-01 C. Daniel Freeman , Luke Metz , David Ha

Nowadays, model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have achieved remarkable performance on many decision making and control tasks, but high sample complexity and low sample efficiency still hinder the wide use of model-free…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Jingbin Liu , Xinyang Gu , Shuai Liu

To solve tasks in complex environments, robots need to learn from experience. Deep reinforcement learning is a common approach to robot learning but requires a large amount of trial and error to learn, limiting its deployment in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Philipp Wu , Alejandro Escontrela , Danijar Hafner , Ken Goldberg , Pieter Abbeel

This paper explores the use of reinforcement learning (RL) models for autonomous racing. In contrast to passenger cars, where safety is the top priority, a racing car aims to minimize the lap-time. We frame the problem as a reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Adrian Remonda , Sarah Krebs , Eduardo Veas , Granit Luzhnica , Roman Kern

Urban autonomous driving decision making is challenging due to complex road geometry and multi-agent interactions. Current decision making methods are mostly manually designing the driving policy, which might result in sub-optimal solutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Jianyu Chen , Bodi Yuan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Model-free reinforcement learning has recently been shown to successfully learn navigation policies from raw sensor data. In this work, we address the problem of learning driving policies for an autonomous agent in a high-fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Qadeer Khan , Torsten Schön , Patrick Wenzel

We study reinforcement learning (RL) in settings where observations are high-dimensional, but where an RL agent has access to abstract knowledge about the structure of the state space, as is the case, for example, when a robot is tasked to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Yao Liu , Dipendra Misra , Miro Dudík , Robert E. Schapire

Learning to control robots directly based on images is a primary challenge in robotics. However, many existing reinforcement learning approaches require iteratively obtaining millions of robot samples to learn a policy, which can take…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-02 AJ Piergiovanni , Alan Wu , Michael S. Ryoo

We consider model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) in 2-agent, high-fidelity continuous control problems -- an important domain for robots interacting with other agents in the same workspace. For non-trivial dynamical systems, MBRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Orr Krupnik , Igor Mordatch , Aviv Tamar

Are world models a necessary ingredient for flexible, goal-directed behaviour, or is model-free learning sufficient? We provide a formal answer to this question, showing that any agent capable of generalizing to multi-step goal-directed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jonathan Richens , David Abel , Alexis Bellot , Tom Everitt