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The task of image segmentation is inherently noisy due to ambiguities regarding the exact location of boundaries between anatomical structures. We argue that this information can be extracted from the expert annotations at no extra cost,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Mobarakol Islam , Ben Glocker

Existing salient instance detection (SID) methods typically learn from pixel-level annotated datasets. In this paper, we present the first weakly-supervised approach to the SID problem. Although weak supervision has been considered in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Xin Tian , Ke Xu , Xin Yang , Baocai Yin , Rynson W. H. Lau

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation (SSSS) aims to improve segmentation performance by utilizing large amounts of unlabeled data with limited labeled samples. Existing methods often suffer from coupling, where over-reliance on initial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Ebenezer Tarubinga , Jenifer Kalafatovich , Seong-Whan Lee

Although existing semantic segmentation approaches achieve impressive results, they still struggle to update their models incrementally as new categories are uncovered. Furthermore, pixel-by-pixel annotations are expensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Fabio Cermelli , Dario Fontanel , Antonio Tavera , Marco Ciccone , Barbara Caputo

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) using only image-level labels can greatly reduce the annotation cost and therefore has attracted considerable research interest. However, its performance is still inferior to the fully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Qi Yao , Xiaojin Gong

Synthetic data, an appealing alternative to extensive expert-annotated data for medical image segmentation, consistently fails to improve segmentation performance despite its visual realism. The reason being that synthetic and real medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 OFM Riaz Rahman Aranya , Kevin Desai

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation with only image-level labels saves large human effort to annotate pixel-level labels. Cutting-edge approaches rely on various innovative constraints and heuristic rules to generate the masks for every…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Junsong Fan , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Tieniu Tan , Chunfeng Song , Jun Xiao

In many applications, training machine learning models involves using large amounts of human-annotated data. Obtaining precise labels for the data is expensive. Instead, training with weak supervision provides a low-cost alternative. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Chidubem Arachie , Bert Huang

Sparsely annotated semantic segmentation (SASS) aims to train a segmentation network with coarse-grained (i.e., point-, scribble-, and block-wise) supervisions, where only a small proportion of pixels are labeled in each image. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Zhiyuan Liang , Tiancai Wang , Xiangyu Zhang , Jian Sun , Jianbing Shen

Existing weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) methods usually utilize the results of pre-trained saliency detection (SD) models without explicitly modeling the connections between the two tasks, which is not the most efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Yu Zeng , Yunzhi Zhuge , Huchuan Lu , Lihe Zhang

Weakly-supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) has recently gained much attention for its promise to train segmentation models only with image-level labels. Existing WSSS methods commonly argue that the sparse coverage of CAM incurs the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Minhyun Lee , Dongseob Kim , Hyunjung Shim

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation receives much research attention since it alleviates the need to obtain a large amount of dense pixel-wise ground-truth annotations for the training images. Compared with other forms of weak…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Tianyi Zhang , Guosheng Lin , Jianfei Cai , Tong Shen , Chunhua Shen , Alex C. Kot

Weakly-supervised learning under image-level labels supervision has been widely applied to semantic segmentation of medical lesions regions. However, 1) most existing models rely on effective constraints to explore the internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Jiahua Dong , Yang Cong , Gan Sun , Dongdong Hou

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has demonstrated exceptional performance and versatility, making it a promising tool for various related tasks. In this report, we explore the application of SAM in Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Weixuan Sun , Zheyuan Liu , Yanhao Zhang , Yiran Zhong , Nick Barnes

Traditional supervised medical image segmentation models require large amounts of labeled data for training; however, obtaining such large-scale labeled datasets in the real world is extremely challenging. Recent semi-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yunyao Lu , Yihang Wu , Reem Kateb , Ahmad Chaddad

We study Label Smoothing (LS), a widely used regularization technique, in the context of neural learning to rank (L2R) models. LS combines the ground-truth labels with a uniform distribution, encouraging the model to be less confident in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Gustavo Penha , Claudia Hauff

Medical image segmentation faces critical challenges in semi-supervised learning scenarios due to severe annotation scarcity requiring expert radiological knowledge, significant inter-annotator variability across different viewpoints and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Zihan Li , Dandan Shan , Yunxiang Li , Paul E. Kinahan , Qingqi Hong

Semantic segmentation is a task that traditionally requires a large dataset of pixel-level ground truth labels, which is time-consuming and expensive to obtain. Recent advancements in the weakly-supervised setting show that reasonable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Erik Stammes , Tom F. H. Runia , Michael Hofmann , Mohsen Ghafoorian

Semantic segmentation has been a long standing challenging task in computer vision. It aims at assigning a label to each image pixel and needs significant number of pixellevel annotated data, which is often unavailable. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Nasim Souly , Concetto Spampinato , Mubarak Shah

In this study, a spectral graph-theoretic grouping strategy for weakly supervised classification is introduced, where a limited number of labelled samples and a larger set of unlabelled samples are used to construct a larger annotated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-04 Tameem Adel , Alexander Wong , Daniel Stashuk