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Randomized Smoothing (RS) is a prominent technique for certifying the robustness of neural networks against adversarial perturbations. With RS, achieving high accuracy at small radii requires a small noise variance, while achieving high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chenhao Sun , Yuhao Mao , Martin Vechev

Randomized smoothing is a technique for providing provable robustness guarantees against adversarial attacks while making minimal assumptions about a classifier. This method relies on taking a majority vote of any base classifier over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Ambar Pal , Jeremias Sulam

Randomized smoothing (RS) is one of the prominent techniques to ensure the correctness of machine learning models, where point-wise robustness certificates can be derived analytically. While RS is well understood for classification, its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Emmanouil Seferis , Changshun Wu , Stefanos Kollias , Saddek Bensalem , Chih-Hong Cheng

Although randomized smoothing has demonstrated high certified robustness and superior scalability to other certified defenses, the high computational overhead of the robustness certification bottlenecks the practical applicability, as it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Ruoxin Chen , Jie Li , Junchi Yan , Ping Li , Bin Sheng

Any classifier can be "smoothed out" under Gaussian noise to build a new classifier that is provably robust to $\ell_2$-adversarial perturbations, viz., by averaging its predictions over the noise via randomized smoothing. Under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Jongheon Jeong , Seojin Kim , Jinwoo Shin

Randomized smoothing (RS) has been shown to be a fast, scalable technique for certifying the robustness of deep neural network classifiers. However, methods based on RS require augmenting data with large amounts of noise, which leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Ameya Joshi , Minh Pham , Minsu Cho , Leonid Boytsov , Filipe Condessa , J. Zico Kolter , Chinmay Hegde

A reliable application of deep neural network classifiers requires robustness certificates against adversarial perturbations. Gaussian smoothing is a widely analyzed approach to certifying robustness against norm-bounded perturbations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Hossein Goli , Farzan Farnia

Randomized smoothing (RS) has successfully been used to improve the robustness of predictions for deep neural networks (DNNs) by adding random noise to create multiple variations of an input, followed by deciding the consensus. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Emmanouil Seferis , Stefanos Kollias , Chih-Hong Cheng

Randomized smoothing is a defensive technique to achieve enhanced robustness against adversarial examples which are small input perturbations that degrade the performance of neural network models. Conventional randomized smoothing adds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Ryo Hase , Ye Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Jing Liu , Kieran Parsons

We propose Adaptive Randomized Smoothing (ARS) to certify the predictions of our test-time adaptive models against adversarial examples. ARS extends the analysis of randomized smoothing using $f$-Differential Privacy to certify the adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Saiyue Lyu , Shadab Shaikh , Frederick Shpilevskiy , Evan Shelhamer , Mathias Lécuyer

Randomized smoothing is a recent technique that achieves state-of-art performance in training certifiably robust deep neural networks. While the smoothing family of distributions is often connected to the choice of the norm used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Motasem Alfarra , Adel Bibi , Philip H. S. Torr , Bernard Ghanem

Randomized smoothing-based certification is an effective approach for obtaining robustness certificates of deep neural networks (DNNs) against adversarial attacks. This method constructs a smoothed DNN model and certifies its robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Shubham Ugare , Tarun Suresh , Debangshu Banerjee , Gagandeep Singh , Sasa Misailovic

Randomized Smoothing (RS) is a promising method for obtaining robustness certificates by evaluating a base model under noise. In this work, we: (i) theoretically motivate why ensembles are a particularly suitable choice as base models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Miklós Z. Horváth , Mark Niklas Müller , Marc Fischer , Martin Vechev

A recent technique of randomized smoothing has shown that the worst-case (adversarial) $\ell_2$-robustness can be transformed into the average-case Gaussian-robustness by "smoothing" a classifier, i.e., by considering the averaged…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Jongheon Jeong , Jinwoo Shin

We show how to turn any classifier that classifies well under Gaussian noise into a new classifier that is certifiably robust to adversarial perturbations under the $\ell_2$ norm. This "randomized smoothing" technique has been proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Jeremy M Cohen , Elan Rosenfeld , J. Zico Kolter

Recently smoothing deep neural network based classifiers via isotropic Gaussian perturbation is shown to be an effective and scalable way to provide state-of-the-art probabilistic robustness guarantee against $\ell_2$ norm bounded…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-19 Huijie Feng , Chunpeng Wu , Guoyang Chen , Weifeng Zhang , Yang Ning

Randomized smoothing has emerged as a potent certifiable defense against adversarial attacks by employing smoothing noises from specific distributions to ensure the robustness of a smoothed classifier. However, the utilization of Monte…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Devansh Bhardwaj , Kshitiz Kaushik , Sarthak Gupta

This paper is a contribution to the reproducibility challenge in the field of machine learning, specifically addressing the issue of certifying the robustness of neural networks (NNs) against adversarial perturbations. The proposed Double…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Aryan Gupta , Sarthak Gupta , Abhay Kumar , Harsh Dugar

Randomized smoothing has achieved great success for certified robustness against adversarial perturbations. Given any arbitrary classifier, randomized smoothing can guarantee the classifier's prediction over the perturbed input with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Hanbin Hong , Yuan Hong

Randomized smoothing has shown promising certified robustness against adversaries in classification tasks. Despite such success with only zeroth-order access to base models, randomized smoothing has not been extended to a general form of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Aref Miri Rekavandi , Olga Ohrimenko , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein
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