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Capsule Networks (CapsNets) are a generation of image classifiers with proven advantages over Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Better robustness to affine transformation and overlapping image detection are some of the benefits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ramin Sharifi , Pouya Shiri , Amirali Baniasadi

We present group equivariant capsule networks, a framework to introduce guaranteed equivariance and invariance properties to the capsule network idea. Our work can be divided into two contributions. First, we present a generic routing by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Jan Eric Lenssen , Matthias Fey , Pascal Libuschewski

The capsule network is a distinct and promising segment of the neural network family that drew attention due to its unique ability to maintain the equivariance property by preserving the spatial relationship amongst the features. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 S J Pawan , Rishi Sharma , Hemanth Sai Ram Reddy , M Vani , Jeny Rajan

Transformation-robustness is an important feature for machine learning models that perform image classification. Many methods aim to bestow this property to models by the use of data augmentation strategies, while more formal guarantees are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Sai Raam Venkataraman , S. Balasubramanian , R. Raghunatha Sarma

Capsule Networks (CapsNets) is a machine learning architecture proposed to overcome some of the shortcomings of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, CapsNets have mainly outperformed CNNs in datasets where images are small and/or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Juan P. Vigueras-Guillén , Arijit Patra , Ola Engkvist , Frank Seeliger

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful machine learning models and have succeeded in various artificial intelligence tasks. Although various architectures and modules for the DNNs have been proposed, selecting and designing the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-24 Shinichi Shirakawa , Yasushi Iwata , Youhei Akimoto

Neural Combinatorial Optimization aims to learn to solve a class of combinatorial problems through data-driven methods and notably through employing neural networks by learning the underlying distribution of problem instances. While, so far…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Daniela Thyssens , Tim Dernedde , Wilson Sentanoe , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

We propose a capsule network-based architecture for generalizing learning to new data with few examples. Using both generative and non-generative capsule networks with intermediate routing, we are able to generalize to new information over…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Andrew Gritsevskiy , Maksym Korablyov

Recently proposed Capsule Network is a brain inspired architecture that brings a new paradigm to deep learning by modelling input domain variations through vector based representations. Despite being a seminal contribution, CapsNet does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Sameera Ramasinghe , C. D. Athuralya , Salman Khan

How to improve the efficiency of routing procedures in CapsNets has been studied a lot. However, the efficiency of capsule convolutions has largely been neglected. Capsule convolution, which uses capsules rather than neurons as the basic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Zhenhua Chen , Xiwen Li , Qian Lou , David Crandall

This paper proposes a deep learning approach for traffic flow prediction in complex road networks. Traffic flow data from induction loop sensors are essentially a time series, which is also spatially related to traffic in different road…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Youngjoo Kim , Peng Wang , Yifei Zhu , Lyudmila Mihaylova

Capsule Networks (CapsNets) are brand-new architectures that have shown ground-breaking results in certain areas of Computer Vision (CV). In 2017, Hinton and his team introduced CapsNets with routing-by-agreement in "Sabour et al" and in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Moein Hasani , Amin Nasim Saravi , Hassan Khotanlou

With the growth of deep learning, how to describe deep neural networks unifiedly is becoming an important issue. We first formalize neural networks mathematically with their directed graph representations, and prove a generation theorem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Yujian Li , Chuanhui Shan

Capsule networks (CapsNets) have recently gotten attention as a novel neural architecture. This paper presents the sequential routing framework which we believe is the first method to adapt a CapsNet-only structure to sequence-to-sequence…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-02 Kyungmin Lee , Hyunwhan Joe , Hyeontaek Lim , Kwangyoun Kim , Sungsoo Kim , Chang Woo Han , Hong-Gee Kim

Recent advancements in signal processing and machine learning domains have resulted in an extensive surge of interest in deep learning models due to their unprecedented performance and high accuracy for different and challenging problems of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-01 Atefeh Shahroudnejad , Arash Mohammadi , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

Meta-learning often referred to as learning-to-learn is a promising notion raised to mimic human learning by exploiting the knowledge of prior tasks but being able to adapt quickly to novel tasks. A plethora of models has emerged in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Jicang Cai , Saeed Vahidian , Weijia Wang , Mohsen Joneidi , Bill Lin

We propose and systematically evaluate three strategies for training dynamically-routed artificial neural networks: graphs of learned transformations through which different input signals may take different paths. Though some approaches…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-14 Mason McGill , Pietro Perona

To be effective, efficient, and diverse, deep learning models need to dynamically choose its architecture based on signals from a population of neurons. We hypothesize dynamic routing models can be improved with neural inhibition in those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Will Y. Zou , Jennifer Y. Zhang

Capsule Networks (CapsNet) use the Softmax function to convert the logits of the routing coefficients into a set of normalized values that signify the assignment probabilities between capsules in adjacent layers. We show that the use of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Zhen Zhao , Ashley Kleinhans , Gursharan Sandhu , Ishan Patel , K. P. Unnikrishnan

Past few years have witnessed exponential growth of interest in deep learning methodologies with rapidly improving accuracies and reduced computational complexity. In particular, architectures using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Sai Samarth R Phaye , Apoorva Sikka , Abhinav Dhall , Deepti Bathula