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The quantum state of a light beam can be represented as an infinite dimensional density matrix or equivalently as a density on the plane called the Wigner function. We describe quantum tomography as an inverse statistical problem in which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 L. M. Artiles , R. D. Gill , M. I. Guta

An input-output model of a two-level quantum system in the Heisenberg picture is of bilinear form with constant system matrices, which allows the introduction of the concepts of controllability and observability in analogy with those of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-18 Guofeng Zhang , Ian R. Petersen

This paper is the continuation of a study into the information paradox problem started by the author in his earlier works. As previously, the key instrument is a deformed density matrix in quantum mechanics of the early universe. It is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 A. E. Shalyt-Margolin

The spectral densities of ensembles of non-Hermitian sparse random matrices are analysed using the cavity method. We present a set of equations from which the spectral density of a given ensemble can be efficiently and exactly calculated.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-13 Tim Rogers , Isaac Perez Castillo

We extend algorithmic information theory to quantum mechanics, taking a universal semicomputable density matrix (``universal probability'') as a starting point, and define complexity (an operator) as its negative logarithm. A number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Peter Gacs

A new quantum mechanical notion -- Conditional Density Matrix -- is discussed and is applied to describe some physical processes. This notion is a natural generalization of von Neumann density matrix for such processes as divisions of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 V. V. Belokurov , O. A. Khrustalev , V. A. Sadovnichy , O. D. Timofeevskaya

The density matrix for the impenetrable Bose gas in Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions can be written in terms of $<\prod_{l=1}^n| \cos\phi_1-\cos\theta_l| |\cos\phi_2-\cos\theta_l|>$, where the average is with respect to the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 P. J. Forrester , N. E. Frankel , T. M. Garoni

Classical and quantum information theory are simply explained. To be more specific it is clarified why Shannon entropy is used as measure of classical information and after a brief review of quantum mechanics it is possible to demonstrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nikolaos P. Papadakos

Given a uniform ensemble of quantum density matrices $\rho$, it is useful to calculate the mean value over this ensemble of a product of entries of $\rho$. We show how to calculate such moments in this paper. The answer involves well known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert R. Tucci

Global unitary transformations (OPTSWAPS) that optimally increase the bias of any mixed computation qubit in a quantum system -- represented by a diagonal density matrix -- towards a particular state of the computational basis which, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-05 Varad R. Pande

An algebraic procedure to find extremal density matrices for any Hamiltonian of a qudit system is established. The extremal density matrices for pure states provide a complete description of the system, that is, the energy spectra of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-10-03 Armando Figueroa , Julio A. López-Saldívar , Octavio Castaños , Ramón López-Peña

The Bures metric is a natural choice in measuring the distance of density operators representing states in quantum mechanics. In the past few years a random matrix ensemble and the corresponding joint probability density function of its…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-01-31 Peter J. Forrester , Mario Kieburg

In finite many-body quantum systems such as nuclei, atoms, mesoscopic systems like quantum dots and small metallic grains, interacting spin systems modeling quantum computing core and BEC, the interparticle interactions are essentially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-24 Manan Vyas

Random Quantum States are presently of interest in the fields of quantum information theory and quantum chaos. Moreover, a detailed study of their properties can shed light on some foundational issues of the quantum statistical mechanics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-07 Barbara Fresch , Giorgio J. Moro

Uncertainty quantification by ensemble learning is explored in terms of an application from computational optical form measurements. The application requires to solve a large-scale, nonlinear inverse problem. Ensemble learning is used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Lara Hoffmann , Ines Fortmeier , Clemens Elster

We theoretically derive the probability densities of the entanglement measures of a pure non-ergodic many-body state, represented in a bipartite product basis and with its reduced density matrix described by a generalized, multi-parametric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Devanshu Shekhar , Pragya Shukla

We discuss and generalize multi-particle entanglement based on statistical correlations using Ursell-Mayer type of cluster coefficients. Cluster coefficients are used to distinguish different, independent entangled systems as well as those…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-15 Atul Kumar , Mangala Sunder Krishnan

Using operator methods, we generally present the level densities for kinds of random matrix unitary ensembles in weak sense. As a corollary, the limit spectral distributions of random matrices from Gaussian, Laguerre and Jacobi unitary…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhengdong Wang , Kuihua Yan

In standard optical tomographic methods, the off-diagonal elements of a density matrix $\rho$ are measured indirectly. Thus, the reconstruction of $\rho$, even if it is based on linear inversion, typically magnifies small errors in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-19 Karol Bartkiewicz , Antonín Černoch , Karel Lemr , Adam Miranowicz

We study the quantumness of correlations for ensembles of bi- and multi-partite systems and relate it to the task of quantum data hiding. Quantumness is here intended in the sense of minimum average disturbance under local measurements. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-02 Marco Piani , Varun Narasimhachar , John Calsamiglia