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Related papers: Explanations for Occluded Images

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Existing algorithms for explaining the output of image classifiers use different definitions of explanations and a variety of techniques to find them. However, none of the existing tools use a principled approach based on formal definitions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Hana Chockler , David A. Kelly , Daniel Kroening , Youcheng Sun

Existing algorithms for explaining the outputs of image classifiers are based on a variety of approaches and produce explanations that frequently lack formal rigour. On the other hand, logic-based explanations are formally and rigorously…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 David A Kelly , Hana Chockler

As machine learning algorithms are increasingly applied to high impact yet high risk tasks, such as medical diagnosis or autonomous driving, it is critical that researchers can explain how such algorithms arrived at their predictions. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Ruth Fong , Andrea Vedaldi

Existing explanation tools for image classifiers usually give only a single explanation for an image's classification. For many images, however, image classifiers accept more than one explanation for the image label. These explanations are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Hana Chockler , David A. Kelly , Daniel Kroening

Causal approaches to post-hoc explainability for black-box prediction models (e.g., deep neural networks trained on image pixel data) have become increasingly popular. However, existing approaches have two important shortcomings: (i) the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Numair Sani , Daniel Malinsky , Ilya Shpitser

Recurrent neural networks are powerful tools for handling incomplete data problems in computer vision, thanks to their significant generative capabilities. However, the computational demand for these algorithms is too high to work in real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-07 Ozgur Yilmaz

Image captioning is a technology that produces text-based descriptions for an image. Deep learning-based solutions built on top of feature recognition may very well serve the purpose. But as with any other machine learning solution, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Rishi Kesav Mohan , Sanjay Sureshkumar , Vignesh Sivasubramaniam

The presence of occlusions has provided substantial challenges to typically-powerful object recognition algorithms. Additional sources of information can be extremely valuable to reduce errors caused by occlusions. Scene context is known to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Courtney M. King , Daniel D. Leeds , Damian Lyons , George Kalaitzis

Interpreting the decisions of deep image classifiers remains challenging, particularly in black-box settings where model internals are inaccessible. We introduce OCCAM, a framework for open-set causal concept explanation and ontology…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chiara Maria Russo , Simone Carnemolla , Simone Palazzo , Daniela Giordano , Concetto Spampinato , Matteo Pennisi

In recent years, deep learning has become prevalent to solve applications from multiple domains. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) particularly have demonstrated state of the art performance for the task of image classification. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Meghna P Ayyar , Jenny Benois-Pineau , Akka Zemmari

The black-box nature of deep neural networks (DNNs) makes it impossible to understand why a particular output is produced, creating demand for "Explainable AI". In this paper, we show that statistical fault localization (SFL) techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Youcheng Sun , Hana Chockler , Xiaowei Huang , Daniel Kroening

Existing tools for explaining the output of image classifiers can be divided into white-box, which rely on access to the model internals, and black-box, agnostic to the model. As the usage of AI in the medical domain grows, so too does the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Nathan Blake , Hana Chockler , David A. Kelly , Santiago Calderon Pena , Akchunya Chanchal

Model explainability is essential for the creation of trustworthy Machine Learning models in healthcare. An ideal explanation resembles the decision-making process of a domain expert and is expressed using concepts or terminology that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Sumedha Singla , Stephen Wallace , Sofia Triantafillou , Kayhan Batmanghelich

We present an approach to explain the decisions of black box models for image classification. While using the black box to label images, our explanation method exploits the latent feature space learned through an adversarial autoencoder.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Riccardo Guidotti , Anna Monreale , Stan Matwin , Dino Pedreschi

Image captioning is a challenging task and attracting more and more attention in the field of Artificial Intelligence, and which can be applied to efficient image retrieval, intelligent blind guidance and human-computer interaction, etc. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Yiyu Wang , Jungang Xu , Yingfei Sun , Ben He

We present a new algorithm for multi-region segmentation of 2D images with objects that may partially occlude each other. Our algorithm is based on the observation hat human performance on this task is based both on prior knowledge about…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-16 Yuka Kihara , Matvey Soloviev , Tsuhan Chen

Explainable AI (XAI) has been proposed as a valuable tool to assist in downstream tasks involving human and AI collaboration. Perhaps the most psychologically valid XAI techniques are case based approaches which display 'whole' exemplars to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Eoin Kenny , Eoin Delaney , Mark Keane

In this paper we propose a novel method that provides contrastive explanations justifying the classification of an input by a black box classifier such as a deep neural network. Given an input we find what should be %necessarily and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Amit Dhurandhar , Pin-Yu Chen , Ronny Luss , Chun-Chen Tu , Paishun Ting , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Payel Das

Despite their high accuracies, modern complex image classifiers cannot be trusted for sensitive tasks due to their unknown decision-making process and potential biases. Counterfactual explanations are very effective in providing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Kamran Alipour , Aditya Lahiri , Ehsan Adeli , Babak Salimi , Michael Pazzani

A novel explainable AI method called CLEAR Image is introduced in this paper. CLEAR Image is based on the view that a satisfactory explanation should be contrastive, counterfactual and measurable. CLEAR Image explains an image's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Adam White , Kwun Ho Ngan , James Phelan , Saman Sadeghi Afgeh , Kevin Ryan , Constantino Carlos Reyes-Aldasoro , Artur d'Avila Garcez
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