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Large language models are shown to memorize privacy information such as social security numbers in training data. Given the sheer scale of the training corpus, it is challenging to screen and filter these privacy data, either manually or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Xuandong Zhao , Lei Li , Yu-Xiang Wang

Machine unlearning is an emerging technique that aims to remove the influence of specific data from trained models, thereby enhancing privacy protection. However, recent research has uncovered critical privacy vulnerabilities, showing that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Lulu Xue , Shengshan Hu , Wei Lu , Ziqi Zhou , Yufei Song , Jianhong Cheng , Minghui Li , Yanjun Zhang , Leo Yu Zhang

Deep learning has transformed AI applications but faces critical security challenges, including adversarial attacks, data poisoning, model theft, and privacy leakage. This survey examines these vulnerabilities, detailing their mechanisms…

Machine learning models are prone to memorizing sensitive data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to guess if an input sample was used to train the model. In this paper, we show that prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Liwei Song , Prateek Mittal

Parameter fine tuning is a transfer learning approach whereby learned parameters from pre-trained source network are transferred to the target network followed by fine-tuning. Prior research has shown that this approach is capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Tasfia Shermin , Shyh Wei Teng , Manzur Murshed , Guojun Lu , Ferdous Sohel , Manoranjan Paul

In this paper, we propose privacy-preserving methods with a secret key for convolutional neural network (CNN)-based models in speech processing tasks. In environments where untrusted third parties, like cloud servers, provide CNN-based…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-08 Shoko Niwa , Sayaka Shiota , Hitoshi Kiya

Deep learning models have consistently outperformed traditional machine learning models in various classification tasks, including image classification. As such, they have become increasingly prevalent in many real world applications…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Cong Liao , Haoti Zhong , Anna Squicciarini , Sencun Zhu , David Miller

Transfer learning methods endeavor to leverage relevant knowledge from existing source pre-trained models or datasets to solve downstream target tasks. With the increase in the scale and quantity of available pre-trained models nowadays, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yuhe Ding , Bo Jiang , Aijing Yu , Aihua Zheng , Jian Liang

For well over a quarter century, detection systems have been driven by models learned from input features collected from real or simulated environments. An artifact (e.g., network event, potential malware sample, suspicious email) is deemed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Z. Berkay Celik , Patrick McDaniel , Rauf Izmailov , Nicolas Papernot , Ryan Sheatsley , Raquel Alvarez , Ananthram Swami

Knowledge Transfer (KT) techniques tackle the problem of transferring the knowledge from a large and complex neural network into a smaller and faster one. However, existing KT methods are tailored towards classification tasks and they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-21 Nikolaos Passalis , Anastasios Tefas

Deep Learning techniques have achieved remarkable results in many domains. Often, training deep learning models requires large datasets, which may require sensitive information to be uploaded to the cloud to accelerate training. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Chun-Hsien Yu , Chun-Nan Chou , Emily Chang

Machine learning models are vulnerable to both security attacks (e.g., adversarial examples) and privacy attacks (e.g., private attribute inference). We take the first step to mitigate both the security and privacy attacks, and maintain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Binghui Zhang , Sayedeh Leila Noorbakhsh , Yun Dong , Yuan Hong , Binghui Wang

In this paper, we propose a novel defensive transformation that enables us to maintain a high classification accuracy under the use of both clean images and adversarial examples for adversarially robust defense. The proposed transformation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 MaungMaung AprilPyone , Hitoshi Kiya

Deep neural networks are extensively applied to real-world tasks, such as face recognition and medical image classification, where privacy and data protection are critical. Image data, if not protected, can be exploited to infer personal or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Weiheng Chai , Brian Testa , Huantao Ren , Asif Salekin , Senem Velipasalar

Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) are a class of deep neural networks designed to utilize minimal computational resources, which drives their popularity across various applications. Recent studies highlight the potential of mapping BNN model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Gokulnath Rajendran , Suman Deb , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Training and deploying deepfake detection models on edge devices offers the advantage of maintaining data privacy and confidentiality by processing it close to its source. However, this approach is constrained by the limited computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Andreas Karathanasis , John Violos , Ioannis Kompatsiaris , Symeon Papadopoulos

Knowledge transfer impacts the performance of deep learning -- the state of the art for image classification tasks, including automated melanoma screening. Deep learning's greed for large amounts of training data poses a challenge for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Afonso Menegola , Michel Fornaciali , Ramon Pires , Flávia Vasques Bittencourt , Sandra Avila , Eduardo Valle

Despite the remarkable generation capabilities of diffusion models, recent studies have shown that they can memorize and create harmful content when given specific text prompts. Although fine-tuning approaches have been developed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siyi Chen , Yimeng Zhang , Sijia Liu , Qing Qu

Training machine learning models requires the storage of large datasets, which often contain sensitive or private data. Storing data is associated with a number of potential risks which increase over time, such as database breaches and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Aviraj Newatia , Michael Cooper , Viet Nguyen , Rahul G. Krishnan

Pretrained language models memorize vast amounts of information, including private and copyrighted data, raising significant safety concerns. Retraining these models after excluding sensitive data is prohibitively expensive, making machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Minseok Choi , Kyunghyun Min , Jaegul Choo