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Hybrid approaches based on relativistic hydrodynamics and transport theory have been successfully applied for many years for the dynamical description of heavy ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies. In this work a new viscous hybrid…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-09 Iu. A. Karpenko , P. Huovinen , H. Petersen , M. Bleicher

In this work, we derive particle schemes, based on micro-macro decomposition, for linear kinetic equations in the diffusion limit. Due to the particle approximation of the micro part, a splitting between the transport and the collision part…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-01-19 Anaïs Crestetto , Nicolas Crouseilles , Mohammed Lemou

Multiplicity fluctuations in the forward hemisphere were studied for positively, negatively and all charged hadrons produced in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A and 158A GeV. The multiplicity distributions and their scaled…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Benjamin Lungwitz

A transport model is developed to describe hadron emission from a strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The quark-gluon plasma is controlled by ideal hydrodynamics, and the hadron motion is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Hong Miao , Chongshou Gao , Pengfei Zhuang

The effect of electrostatic microturbulence on fast particles rapidly decreases at high energy, but can be significant at moderate energy. Previous studies found that, in addition to changes in the energetic particle density, this results…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 George J. Wilkie

Our recently developed 2+1 (boost-invariant) hydrodynamic model has been presented and used to i) describe the soft hadronic data collected in the central region of the relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and ii) to make predictions…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-02-02 Mikolaj Chojnacki

Longitudinal hydrodynamic expansion of the fluid created in relativistic heavy-collisions is considered taking into account shear viscosity. Both a on-vanishing viscosity and a soft equation of state make particle distributions in rapidity…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-04-13 Piotr Bozek

The (3+1)-dimensional ideal hydrodynamics is used to simulate collisions of gold nuclei with bombarding energies from 1 to 160 GeV per nucleon. The initial state is represented by two cold Lorentz-boosted nuclei. Two equations of state:…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-20 I. N. Mishustin , A. V. Merdeev , L. M. Satarov

A QCD phase transition may reflect in a inhomogeneous decoupling surface of hadrons produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We show that due to the non-linear dependence of the particle densities on the temperature and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Dumitru , L. Portugal , D. Zschiesche

A 3-fluid hydrodynamic model for simulating relativistic heavy-ion collisions is introduced. Alongside with two baryon-rich fluids, the new model considers time-delayed evolution of a third, baryon-free (i.e. with zero net baryonic charge)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Yu. B. Ivanov , V. N. Russkikh , V. D. Toneev

A generic property of a first-order phase transition in equilibrium, and in the limit of large entropy per unit of conserved charge, is the smallness of the isentropic speed of sound in the ``mixed phase''. A specific prediction is that…

We develop a thermodynamically consistent nonperturbative framework for equilibrium QCD criticality, unifying DSE quark propagation, FRG flow, and PNJL thermodynamics for coupled chiral/deconfinement order parameters. A holographic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-14 Sameer Ahmad Mir , Saeed Uddin , Swatantra Kumar Tiwari , Mir Faizal

We develop a Schwinger--Keldysh effective theory for quantum-interference corrections in a two-dimensional electron system in the hydrodynamic regime. Starting from the clean hydrodynamic fixed point, we introduce a minimal random-friction…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-27 Alberto Cortijo

By assuming the existing of memory effects and long-range interactions in the hot and dense matter produced in high energy heavy ion collisions, the nonextensive statistics together with the relativistic hydrodynamics including phase…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-11-08 Jia-Qi Hui , Zhi-Jin Jiang , Dong-Fang Xu

Finite size effects in the equilibrium phase space density distribution function are taken into account for alculations of the relaxation of collective motion in finite nuclei. Memory effects in the collision integral and the diffusivity…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-09-25 V. M. Kolomietz , S. V. Lukyanov , V. A. Plujko , S. Shlomo

We revisit the use of ideal hydrodynamics to describe bulk- and multistrange-hadron observables in nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Toward this end we augment the 2+1-dimensional code "AZHYDRO" by employing (a) an…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 Min He , Rainer J. Fries , Ralf Rapp

There remains a useful relation between diffusion and mobility for a Langevin particle in a periodic medium subject to nonconservative forces. The usual fluctuation-dissipation relation easily gets modified and the mobility matrix is no…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-17 Marco Baiesi , Christian Maes , Bram Wynants

The fluidity of the hot and dense QCD matter is a key characteristic of the medium created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. We extend the framework of the relativistic hydrodynamic model to incorporate non-thermal momentum distributions…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-22 Akihiko Monnai

We present ECHO-QGP, a numerical code for $(3+1)$-dimensional relativistic viscous hydrodynamics designed for the modeling of the space-time evolution of the matter created in high energy nuclear collisions. The code has been built on top…

We present a coupled Boltzmann and hydrodynamics approach to relativistic heavy ion reactions. This hybrid approach is based on the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) transport approach with an intermediate hydrodynamical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Hannah Petersen , Jan Steinheimer , Gerhard Burau , Marcus Bleicher , Horst Stöcker