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We report an improved measurement of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) $B$-mode polarization power spectrum with the POLARBEAR experiment at 150 GHz. By adding new data collected during the second season of observations (2013-2014) to…
We investigate the dark matter and the cosmological baryon asymmetry in a simple theory where baryon (B) and lepton (L) number are local gauge symmetries that are spontaneously broken. In this model, the cold dark matter candidate is the…
Recently Barbieri, et al. have introduced a formalism to express the deviations of electroweak interactions from their standard model forms in "universal" theories, i.e. theories in which the corrections due to new physics can be expressed…
An analysis of null geodesics in Schwarzschild de Sitter space is presented with special attention to their global `bending angles', local measurable angles, and the involvement of the cosmological constant. We make use of a general…
Recently the CDF Collaboration has announced a new precise measurement of the $W$-boson mass $M_W$ that deviates from the Standard Model (SM) prediction by $7\sigma$. The discrepancy in $M_W$ is about $\Delta_W\simeq70$ MeV and probably…
Astrocombs are ideal spectrograph calibrators whose limiting precision can be derived using a second, independent, astrocomb system. We therefore analyse data from two astrocombs (one 18 GHz and one 25 GHz) used simultaneously on the HARPS…
Observational constraints guide one forcefully to examine models in which the matter density is substantially less than critical density. Particularly noteworthy are those which are consistent with inflation. For these models, microwave…
I first give a succinct account of the MOND paradigm--emphasizing the centrality of scale invariance in the nonrelativistic, deep-MOND limit--and describing rudiments of its phenomenology. I then present my credo, and some generalities,…
We have measured Johnson BV and Cousins RI magnitudes for comparison stars near five TeV blazars. We compare our values with published values, spanning 25 years in some cases, to identify those stars that are most likely proven stable. To…
A new relativistic formulation of MOND is advanced, involving two metrics as independent degrees of freedom: the MOND metric g_mn, to which alone matter couples, and an auxiliary metric g*_mn. The main idea hinges on the fact that we can…
The standard treatment of gravitational lensing by a point mass lens M is based on a weak-field deflection angle a = 2/x, where x = (r c^2)/(2 G M) with r the distance of closest approach to the mass of a lensed light ray. It was shown that…
We study whether the bias factors of galaxies can be unbiasedly recovered from their power spectra and bispectra. We use a set of numerical N-body simulations and construct large mock galaxy catalogs based upon the semi-analytical model of…
The ratio Z_1/Z_3 of vertex and wave-function renormalization factors, which is universal (i.e., matter-independent), is shown to equal 1+u which gives the residue of the scalar pole $\propto p_\mu p_\nu /p^2$ of 2-point function < D_\mu c…
The detection of the primordial $B$-mode spectrum of the polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) signal may provide a probe of inflation. However, observation of such a faint signal requires excellent control of systematic errors.…
We study static, spherically symmetric, self-gravitating systems minimally coupled to a scalar field with U(1) gauge symmetry: charged boson stars. We find numerical solutions to the EinsteinMaxwell equations coupled to the relativistic…
Regular black hole metrics involve a universal, mass-independent regulator that can be up to O(700) km while remaining consistent with terrestrial tests of Newtonian gravity and astrophysical tests of general relativistic orbits. However,…
This paper deals with the effect of errors in the B and V magnitudes, or measurements in any other color system, on the width of the main sequence in a color-magnitude (Hertzsprung-Russell) diagram. The width is defined as the dispersion in…
Some time ago we have suggested that positive vacuum energy exhibits a finite quantum break time, which can be a signal that a positive cosmological constant is inconsistent. From the requirement that Universe never undergoes through…
The observed value of the cosmological constant poses large theoretical problems. We find that topology of the Universe provides a natural source for it. Restricting dynamically an Einstein-Cartan gravity to General Relativity in our…
In recent years, improvements in galaxy cluster observations have enabled a variety of tests of fundamental physics using these systems. In this work, we test the constancy of the speed of light, $c$, by combining X-ray gas mass fraction…