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The use of differential phase contrast (DPC) in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has shown much promise for directly investigating the functional properties of a material system, leveraging the natural coupling between the…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-04 Rafael V. Ferreira , Sebastian Calderon V. , Paulo J. Ferreira

Despite decades of research, the ultimate goal of nanotechnology--top-down manipulation of individual atoms--has been directly achieved with only one technique: scanning probe microscopy. In this Review, we demonstrate that scanning…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is an indispensable tool for atomic-resolution structural analysis for a wide range of materials. The conventional analysis of STEM images is an extensive hands-on process, which limits…

Fine-grained sparsity promises higher parametric capacity without proportional per-token compute, but often suffers from training instability, load balancing, and communication overhead. We introduce STEM (Scaling Transformers with…

Electron tomography offers important three-dimensional (3D) structural information which cannot be observed by two-dimensional imaging. By combining annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) with aberration…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-06-29 Juhyeok Lee , Moosung Lee , YongKeun Park , Colin Ophus , Yongsoo Yang

High-quality 4D reconstruction enables photorealistic and immersive rendering of the dynamic real world. However, unlike static scenes that can be fully captured with a single camera, high-quality dynamic scenes typically require dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Weihong Pan , Xiaoyu Zhang , Zhuang Zhang , Zhichao Ye , Nan Wang , Haomin Liu , Guofeng Zhang

Current generative models struggle to synthesize dynamic 4D driving scenes that simultaneously support temporal extrapolation and spatial novel view synthesis (NVS) without per-scene optimization. A key challenge lies in finding an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Jiazhe Guo , Yikang Ding , Xiwu Chen , Shuo Chen , Bohan Li , Yingshuang Zou , Xiaoyang Lyu , Feiyang Tan , Xiaojuan Qi , Zhiheng Li , Hao Zhao

Despite stereo matching accuracy has greatly improved by deep learning in the last few years, recovering sharp boundaries and high-resolution outputs efficiently remains challenging. In this paper, we propose Stereo Mixture Density Networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Fabio Tosi , Yiyi Liao , Carolin Schmitt , Andreas Geiger

Imaging across both the full transverse spatial and temporal dimensions of a scene with high precision in all three coordinates is key to applications ranging from LIDAR to fluorescence lifetime imaging. However, compromises that sacrifice,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-12 C. Callenberg , A. Lyons , D. den Brok , A. Fatima , A. Turpin , V. Zickus , L. Machesky , J. Whitelaw , D. Faccio , M. B. Hullin

Thin film oxides are a source of endless fascination for the materials scientist. These materials are highly flexible, can be integrated into almost limitless combinations, and exhibit many useful functionalities for device applications.…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-17 Steven R. Spurgeon

Combining multiple fast image acquisitions to mitigate scan noise and drift artifacts has proven essential for picometer precision, quantitative analysis of atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) data. For very…

An efficient hardware implementation for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) methods is of necessity for mobile autonomous robots with limited computational resources. In this paper, we propose a resource-efficient FPGA…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-31 Keisuke Sugiura , Hiroki Matsutani

Understanding lattice deformations is crucial in determining the properties of nanomaterials, which can become more prominent in future applications ranging from energy harvesting to electronic devices. However, it remains challenging to…

Accurate reconstruction of static environments from LiDAR scans of scenes containing dynamic objects, which we refer to as Dynamic to Static Translation (DST), is an important area of research in Autonomous Navigation. This problem has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Prashant Kumar , Sabyasachi Sahoo , Vanshil Shah , Vineetha Kondameedi , Abhinav Jain , Akshaj Verma , Chiranjib Bhattacharyya , Vinay Viswanathan

We describe the development, operation, and application of the 4D Camera -- a 576 by 576 pixel active pixel sensor for scanning/transmission electron microscopy which operates at 87,000 Hz. The detector generates data at approximately 480…

In the realm of 5G communication systems, the accuracy of Channel State Information (CSI) prediction is vital for optimizing performance. This letter introduces a pioneering approach: the Spectral-Temporal Graph Neural Network (STEM GNN),…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Sharan Mourya , Pavan Reddy , SaiDhiraj Amuru , Kiran Kumar Kuchi

Semantic Image Segmentation facilitates a multitude of real-world applications ranging from autonomous driving over industrial process supervision to vision aids for human beings. These models are usually trained in a supervised fashion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Volker Knauthe , Arne Rak , Tristan Wirth , Thomas Pöllabauer , Simon Metzler , Arjan Kuijper , Dieter W. Fellner

In this study we explore the possibility to use deep learning for the reconstruction of phase images from 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) data. The process can be divided into two main steps. First, the complex…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-15 Thomas Friedrich , Chu-Ping Yu , Jo Verbeeck , Sandra Van Aert

The Detection Transformer (DETR) has revolutionized the design of CNN-based object detection systems, showcasing impressive performance. However, its potential in the domain of multi-frame 3D object detection remains largely unexplored. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yifan Zhang , Zhiyu Zhu , Junhui Hou , Dapeng Wu

Spatially-varying intensity noise is a common source of distortion in medical images. Bias field noise is one example of such a distortion that is often present in the magnetic resonance (MR) images or other modalities such as retina…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Reza Abbasi-Asl , Aboozar Ghaffari , Emad Fatemizadeh
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