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Transfer learning in natural language processing (NLP), as realized using models like BERT (Bi-directional Encoder Representation from Transformer), has significantly improved language representation with models that can tackle challenging…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Suchita Pati , Shaizeen Aga , Nuwan Jayasena , Matthew D. Sinclair

Large-scale transformer-based models like the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) are widely used for Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, wherein these models are initially pre-trained with a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Mohammad Wali Ur Rahman , Murad Mehrab Abrar , Hunter Gibbons Copening , Salim Hariri , Sicong Shao , Pratik Satam , Soheil Salehi

Existing binary Transformers are promising in edge deployment due to their compact model size, low computational complexity, and considerable inference accuracy. However, deploying binary Transformers faces challenges on prior processors…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yuhao Ji , Chao Fang , Zhongfeng Wang

Increasing model size when pretraining natural language representations often results in improved performance on downstream tasks. However, at some point further model increases become harder due to GPU/TPU memory limitations and longer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Zhenzhong Lan , Mingda Chen , Sebastian Goodman , Kevin Gimpel , Piyush Sharma , Radu Soricut

The rapid development of large language models (LLM) has greatly enhanced everyday applications. While many FPGA-based accelerators, with flexibility for fine-grained data control, exhibit superior speed and energy efficiency compared to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zifan He , Shengyu Ye , Rui Ma , Yang Wang , Jason Cong

Transformer-based deep learning models have increasingly demonstrated high accuracy on many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. In this paper, we propose a compression-compilation co-design framework that can guarantee the identified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Wei Niu , Zhenglun Kong , Geng Yuan , Weiwen Jiang , Jiexiong Guan , Caiwen Ding , Pu Zhao , Sijia Liu , Bin Ren , Yanzhi Wang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved significant success in computer vision. However, their intensive computations and massive memory footprint challenge ViTs' deployment on embedded devices, calling for efficient ViTs. Among them,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Haikuo Shao , Huihong Shi , Wendong Mao , Zhongfeng Wang

The large pre-trained BERT has achieved remarkable performance on Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks but is also computation and memory expensive. As one of the powerful compression approaches, binarization extremely reduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Haotong Qin , Yifu Ding , Mingyuan Zhang , Qinghua Yan , Aishan Liu , Qingqing Dang , Ziwei Liu , Xianglong Liu

Pre-trained BERT models have achieved impressive accuracy on natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, their excessive amount of parameters hinders them from efficient deployment on edge devices. Binarization of the BERT models can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Jiayi Tian , Chao Fang , Haonan Wang , Zhongfeng Wang

Deep neural networks virtually dominate the domain of most modern vision systems, providing high performance at a cost of increased computational complexity.Since for those systems it is often required to operate both in real-time and with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Dominika Przewlocka-Rus , Tomasz Kryjak

Pre-training models are an important tool in Natural Language Processing (NLP), while the BERT model is a classic pre-training model whose structure has been widely adopted by followers. It was even chosen as the reference model for the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Jinle Zeng , Min Li , Zhihua Wu , Jiaqi Liu , Yuang Liu , Dianhai Yu , Yanjun Ma

The recently proposed BERT has shown great power on a variety of natural language understanding tasks, such as text classification, reading comprehension, etc. However, how to effectively apply BERT to neural machine translation (NMT) lacks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Jinhua Zhu , Yingce Xia , Lijun Wu , Di He , Tao Qin , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li , Tie-Yan Liu

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has recently achieved great success by using huge pre-trained models with hundreds of millions of parameters. However, these models suffer from heavy model sizes and high latency such that they cannot be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Zhiqing Sun , Hongkun Yu , Xiaodan Song , Renjie Liu , Yiming Yang , Denny Zhou

This paper presents the design and evaluation of a GPU-accelerated inference pipeline for transformer models using NVIDIA TensorRT with mixed-precision optimization. We evaluate BERT-base (110M parameters) and GPT-2 (124M parameters) across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Soutrik Mukherjee , Sangwhan Cha

Large-scale pre-trained language models such as BERT have contributed significantly to the development of NLP. However, those models require large computational resources, making it difficult to be applied to mobile devices where computing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Weixin Wu , Hankz Hankui Zhuo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in natural language processing. However, their deployment on resource-constrained embedded devices remains difficult due to memory and computational demands. In this paper,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Han Xu , Yutong Li , Shihao Ji

Recent advances in self-supervised learning and the Transformer architecture have significantly improved natural language processing (NLP), achieving remarkably low perplexity. However, the growing size of NLP models introduces a memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Gunho Park , Baeseong Park , Minsub Kim , Sungjae Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , Beomseok Kwon , Se Jung Kwon , Byeongwook Kim , Youngjoo Lee , Dongsoo Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance but entail significant memory and computational costs, restricting their practical deployment. While existing INT4/INT8 quantization reduces these costs, they often degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hao Zhang , Aining Jia , Weifeng Bu , Yushu Cai , Kai Sheng , Hao Chen , Xin He

Speeding up the large-scale distributed training is challenging in that it requires improving various components of training including load balancing, communication, optimizers, etc. We present novel approaches for fast large-scale training…

Quantization is an effective technique to reduce memory footprint, inference latency, and power consumption of deep learning models. However, existing quantization methods suffer from accuracy degradation compared to full-precision (FP)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Zheng Wang , Juncheng B Li , Shuhui Qu , Florian Metze , Emma Strubell