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Future cellular systems will make use of millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands. Many users in these bands are located indoors, i.e., inside buildings, homes, and offices. Typical building material attenuations in these high frequency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-07 Nozhan Hosseini , Mahfuza Khatun , Changyu Guo , Kairui Du , Ozgur Ozdemir , David W. Matolak , Ismail Guvenc , Hani Mehrpouyan

This paper presents millimeter wave (mmWave) penetration loss measurements and analysis at 73 GHz using a wideband sliding correlator channel sounder in an indoor office environment. Penetration loss was measured using a carefully…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Jacqueline Ryan , George R. MacCartney , Theodore S. Rappaport

In this paper, we present millimeter-wave (mmWave) penetration loss measurements and analysis at E-bands-73 GHz and 81 GHz. Penetration loss was measured for common building materials such as clear glass, metal, tinted glass, wood, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-02 Mahfuza Khatun , Changyu Guo , David Matolak , Hani Mehrpouyan

The 4--8 GHz FR1(C) and 7--24 GHz upper mid-band FR3 spectrum are promising new 6G spectrum allocations being considered by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) and major governments around the world. There is an urgent need to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-03 Dipankar Shakya , Mingjun Ying , Theodore S. Rappaport , Hitesh Poddar , Peijie Ma , Yanbo Wang , Idris Al-Wazani

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and sub-Terahertz (THz) frequencies are expected to play a vital role in 6G wireless systems and beyond due to the vast available bandwidth of many tens of GHz. This paper presents an indoor 3-D spatial statistical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Shihao Ju , Yunchou Xing , Ojas Kanhere , Theodore S. Rappaport

Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology at 28 GHz is vital for beyond-5G systems, but indoor deployment remains challenging due to limited statistical evidence on propagation. This study investigates path loss, material penetration, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-03 Ayodeji Bolanle Balogun , Sokipriala Jonah

The emerging 5G and future 6G technologies are envisioned to provide higher bandwidths and coverage using millimeter wave (mmWave) and sub-Terahertz (THz) frequency bands. The growing demand for higher data rates using these bands can be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-27 Ashwini Pondeycherry Ganesh , Wahab Khawaja , Ozgur Ozdemir , Ismail Guvenc , Hiroyuki Nomoto , Yasuaki Ide

This paper provides indoor reflection, scattering, transmission, and large-scale path loss measurements and models, which describe the main propagation mechanisms at millimeter wave and Terahertz frequencies. Channel properties for common…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-04 Yunchou Xing , Ojas Kanhere , Shihao Ju , Theodore S. Rappaport

In the upcoming 5G communication, the millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology will play an important role due to its large bandwidth and high data rate. However, mmWave frequencies have higher free-space path loss (FSPL) in line-of-sight (LOS)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-08 Kairui Du , Ozgur Ozdemir , Fatih Erden , Ismail Guvenc

The terahertz (THz) band, 0.1-10 THz, has sufficient resources not only to satisfy the 5G requirements of 10 Gbit/s peak data rate but to enable a number of tempting rate-greedy applications. However, the THz band brings novel challenges,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Vitaly Petrov , Joonas Kokkoniemi , Dmitri Moltchanov , Janne Lehtomaki , Yevgeni Koucheryavy , Markku Juntti

Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology is expected to dominate the future 5G networks mainly due to large spectrum available at these frequencies. However, coverage deteriorates significantly at mmWave frequencies due to higher path loss,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-29 Wahab Khawaja , Ozgur Ozdemir , Yavuz Yapici , Ismail Guvenc , Yuichi Kakishima

Terahertz communications offer unprecedented data rates for next-generation wireless networks but suffer blockage susceptibility that restrict coverage and introduce physical-layer security vulnerabilities. Non-line-of-sight relay schemes…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 Peian Li , Wenbo Liu , Jiabiao Zhao , Jiayuan Cui , Yapeng Ge , Qiang Niu , Yuping Yang , Xiangzhu Meng , Jianjun Ma

Digital revolution and recent advances in telecommunications technology enable to design communication systems which operate within the regions close to the theoretical capacity limits. Ever-increasing demand for wireless communications and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Ali Rıza Ekti , Ali Boyacı , Altan Alparslan , Ilhami Unal , Serhan Yarkan , Ali Gorcin , Huseyin Arslan , Murat Uysal

The future 5G networks are expected to use millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands, mainly due to the availability of large unused spectrum. However, due to high path loss at mmWave frequencies, coverage of mmWave signals can get severely…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-21 Wahab Khawaja , Ozgur Ozdemir , Yavuz Yapici , Ismail Guvenc , Martins Ezuma , Yuichi Kakishimay

Accurate channel modeling is essential for realizing the potential of terahertz (THz) communications in 6G indoor networks, where existing models struggle with severe frequency selectivity and multipath effects. We propose a physically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Ziang Zhao , Weixi Liang , Kai Hu , Qun Zhang , Xiongbin Yu , Qiang Li

One of the critical challenges of operating with the terahertz or millimeter-wave wireless networks is the necessity of at least a strong non-line-of-sight (NLoS) reflected path to form a stable link. Recent studies have shown that an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-16 Chethan K. Anjinappa , Ashwini P. Ganesh , Ozgur Ozdemir , Kris Ridenour , Wahab Khawaja , Ismail Guvenc , Hiroyuki Nomoto , Yasuaki Ide

This study focuses on analysis and modeling of the penetration loss of typical building materials in the FR1 (450 MHz-6 GHz) and FR3 (7-24 GHz) bands based on experimental measurements. Firstly, we measure the penetration loss…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-13 Enrui Liu , Pan Tang , Tao Jiang , Jianhua Zhang

Terahertz spectral range (frequencies of 0.1-1 THz) has recently emerged as the next frontier for non-destructive imaging, industrial sensing and ultra-fast wireless communications. Here, we review several classes of materials such as…

Optics · Physics 2019-11-07 Mathieu Poulin , Steven Giannacopoulos , Maksim Skorobogatiy

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and Terahertz (THz) will be used in the sixth-generation (6G) wireless systems, especially for indoor scenarios. This paper presents an indoor three-dimensional (3-D) statistical channel model for mmWave and sub-THz…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-29 Shihao Ju , Yunchou Xing , Ojas Kanhere , Theodore S. Rappaport

There has been an increasing interest in the millimeter wave (mmW) frequency regime in the design of next-generation wireless systems. The focus of this work is on understanding mmW channel properties that have an important bearing on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Vasanthan Raghavan , Andrzej Partyka , Lida Akhoondzadehasl , Ali Tassoudji , Ozge Koymen , John Sanelli
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