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As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand across critical infrastructure, smart environments, and consumer devices, securing them against cyber threats has become increasingly vital. Traditional intrusion detection models often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Samuel Ozechi , Jennifer Okonkwoabutu

Traditional static cybersecurity models often struggle with scalability, real-time detection, and contextual responsiveness in the current digital product ecosystems which include cloud services, application programming interfaces (APIs),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Oluwakemi T. Olayinka , Sumeet Jeswani , Divine Iloh

The ability to accurately predict cyber-attacks would enable organizations to mitigate their growing threat and avert the financial losses and disruptions they cause. But how predictable are cyber-attacks? Researchers have attempted to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Nazgol Tavabi , Andrés Abeliuk , Negar Mokhberian , Jeremy Abramson , Kristina Lerman

The early detection of cybersecurity events such as attacks is challenging given the constantly evolving threat landscape. Even with advanced monitoring, sophisticated attackers can spend as many as 146 days in a system before being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Sandeep Narayanan , Ashwinkumar Ganesan , Karuna Joshi , Tim Oates , Anupam Joshi , Tim Finin

An ever increasing number of battlefield devices that are capable of collecting, processing, storing, and communicating information are rapidly becoming interconnected. The staggering number of connected devices on the battlefield greatly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Michael J. De Lucia , Allison Newcomb , Alexander Kott

We introduce a new method for extracting structured threat behaviors from threat intelligence text. Our method is based on a multi-stage ranking architecture that allows jointly optimizing for efficiency and effectiveness. Therefore, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Udesh Kumarasinghe , Ahmed Lekssays , Husrev Taha Sencar , Sabri Boughorbel , Charitha Elvitigala , Preslav Nakov

This paper provides the first large-scale data-driven analysis to evaluate the predictive power of different attributes for assessing risk of cyberattack data breaches. Furthermore, motivated by rapid increase in third party enabled…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-14 Kevin Hu , Retsef Levi , Raphael Yahalom , El Ghali Zerhouni

Indicators of Compromise (IoCs) play a crucial role in the rapid detection and mitigation of cyber threats. However, the existing body of literature lacks in-depth analytical studies on the temporal aspects of IoC publication, especially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Angel Kodituwakku , Clark Xu , Daniel Rogers , David K. Ahn , Errin W. Fulp

Cybersecurity incident response teams mitigate the impact of adverse cyber-related events in organisations. Field studies of IR teams suggest that at present the process of IR is under-developed with a focus on the technological dimension…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Ashley O'Neill , Atif Ahmad , Sean Maynard

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Intelligent Virtual Agents acting as psychotherapists presents significant opportunities for expanding mental healthcare access. However, their deployment has also been linked to serious…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ian Steenstra , Timothy W. Bickmore

As AI agents become more widely deployed, we are likely to see an increasing number of incidents: events involving AI agent use that directly or indirectly cause harm. For example, agents could be prompt-injected to exfiltrate private…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Carson Ezell , Xavier Roberts-Gaal , Alan Chan

Terror attacks have been linked in part to online extremist content. Although tens of thousands of Islamist extremism supporters consume such content, they are a small fraction relative to peaceful Muslims. The efforts to contain the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Ugur Kursuncu , Manas Gaur , Carlos Castillo , Amanuel Alambo , K. Thirunarayan , Valerie Shalin , Dilshod Achilov , I. Budak Arpinar , Amit Sheth

In some game scenarios, due to the uncertainty of the number of enemy units and the priority of various attributes, the evaluation of the threat level of enemy units as well as the screening has been a challenging research topic, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Wuzhou Sun , Siyi Li , Qingxiang Zou , Zixing Liao

The internet landscape is growing and at the same time becoming more heterogeneous. Services are performed via computers and networks, critical data is stored digitally. This enables freedom for the user, and flexibility for operators. Data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Simon D Duque Anton , Daniel Fraunholz , Daniel Schneider

In the past decade, the information security and threat landscape has grown significantly making it difficult for a single defender to defend against all attacks at the same time. This called for introduc- ing information sharing, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-03 Aziz Mohaisen , Omar Al-Ibrahim , Charles Kamhoua , Kevin Kwiat , Laurent Njilla

The exponential growth of cyber threat knowledge, exemplified by the expansion of databases such as MITRE-CVE and NVD, poses significant challenges for cyber threat analysis. Security professionals are increasingly burdened by the sheer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xiaoqun Liu , Jiacheng Liang , Qiben Yan , Jiyong Jang , Sicheng Mao , Muchao Ye , Jinyuan Jia , Zhaohan Xi

With the advent of the digital era, every day-to-day task is automated due to technological advances. However, technology has yet to provide people with enough tools and safeguards. As the internet connects more-and-more devices around the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Abhilash Chakraborty , Anupam Biswas , Ajoy Kumar Khan

Facing the dynamic complex cyber environments, internal and external cyber threat intelligence, and the increasing risk of cyber-attack, knowledge graphs show great application potential in the cyber security area because of their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Kai Liu , Fei Wang , Zhaoyun Ding , Sheng Liang , Zhengfei Yu , Yun Zhou

Cyber attacks are becoming more sophisticated and diverse, making detection increasingly challenging. To combat these attacks, security practitioners actively summarize and exchange their knowledge about attacks across organizations in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Zhenyuan Li , Jun Zeng , Yan Chen , Zhenkai Liang

Analysis of an organization's computer network activity is a key component of early detection and mitigation of insider threat, a growing concern for many organizations. Raw system logs are a prototypical example of streaming data that can…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Aaron Tuor , Samuel Kaplan , Brian Hutchinson , Nicole Nichols , Sean Robinson