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In the setting where participants are asked multiple similar possibly subjective multi-choice questions (e.g. Do you like Panda Express? Y/N; do you like Chick-fil-A? Y/N), a series of peer prediction mechanisms are designed to incentivize…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Yuqing Kong

Peer prediction mechanisms incentivize agents to truthfully report their signals even in the absence of verification by comparing agents' reports with those of their peers. In the detail-free multi-task setting, agents respond to multiple…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Grant Schoenebeck , Fang-Yi Yu

Eliciting reliable human feedback is essential for many machine learning tasks, such as learning from noisy labels and aligning AI systems with human preferences. Peer prediction mechanisms incentivize truthful reporting without ground…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yichi Zhang , Shengwei Xu , David Pennock , Grant Schoenebeck

Mutual information (MI) is a fundamental measure of statistical dependence between two variables, yet accurate estimation from finite data remains notoriously difficult. No estimator is universally reliable, and common approaches fail in…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-10-02 Eslam Abdelaleem , K. Michael Martini , Ilya Nemenman

Estimating Mutual Information (MI), a key measure of dependence of random quantities without specific modelling assumptions, is a challenging problem in high dimensions. We propose a novel mutual information estimator based on parametrizing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-24 Haoran Ni , Martin Lotz

With increasing volume of data being used across machine learning tasks, the capability to target specific subsets of data becomes more important. To aid in this capability, the recently proposed Submodular Mutual Information (SMI) has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Nathan Beck , Truong Pham , Rishabh Iyer

The problem of peer prediction is to elicit information from agents in settings without any objective ground truth against which to score reports. Peer prediction mechanisms seek to exploit correlations between signals to align incentives…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-20 Victor Shnayder , Arpit Agarwal , Rafael Frongillo , David C. Parkes

Computation of Mutual Information (MI) helps understand the amount of information shared between a pair of random variables. Automated feature selection techniques based on MI ranking are regularly used to extract information from sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Ankit Srivastava , Samira Pouyanfar , Joshua Allen , Ken Johnston , Qida Ma

Estimating mutual information between continuous random variables is often intractable and extremely challenging for high-dimensional data. Recent progress has leveraged neural networks to optimize variational lower bounds on mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ruizhi Liao , Daniel Moyer , Polina Golland , William M. Wells

We develop the use of mutual information (MI), a well-established metric in information theory, to interpret the inner workings of deep learning models. To accurately estimate MI from a finite number of samples, we present GMM-MI…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-04-12 Davide Piras , Hiranya V. Peiris , Andrew Pontzen , Luisa Lucie-Smith , Ningyuan Guo , Brian Nord

Estimating mutual information (MI) is a fundamental task in data science and machine learning. Existing estimators mainly rely on either highly flexible models (e.g., neural networks), which require large amounts of data, or overly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yanzhi Chen , Zijing Ou , Adrian Weller , Michael U. Gutmann

Measuring Mutual Information (MI) between high-dimensional, continuous, random variables from observed samples has wide theoretical and practical applications. Recent work, MINE (Belghazi et al. 2018), focused on estimating tight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Xiao Lin , Indranil Sur , Samuel A. Nastase , Ajay Divakaran , Uri Hasson , Mohamed R. Amer

There is a growing need for pluralistic alignment methods that can steer language models towards individual attributes and preferences. One such method, Self-Supervised Alignment with Mutual Information (SAMI), uses conditional mutual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Soham V. Govande

Estimating mutual information (MI) is a fundamental yet challenging task in data science and machine learning. This work proposes a new estimator for mutual information. Our main discovery is that a preliminary estimate of the data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yanzhi Chen , Zijing Ou , Adrian Weller , Yingzhen Li

A major concern in using deep learning based generative models for document-grounded dialogs is the potential generation of responses that are not \textit{faithful} to the underlying document. Existing automated metrics used for evaluating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Yatin Nandwani , Vineet Kumar , Dinesh Raghu , Sachindra Joshi , Luis A. Lastras

Although many pretrained models exist for text or images, there have been relatively fewer attempts to train representations specifically for dialog understanding. Prior works usually relied on finetuned representations based on generic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Bishal Santra , Sumegh Roychowdhury , Aishik Mandal , Vasu Gurram , Atharva Naik , Manish Gupta , Pawan Goyal

Mutual Information (MI) and Conditional Mutual Information (CMI) are multi-purpose tools from information theory that are able to naturally measure the statistical dependencies between random variables, thus they are usually of central…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Bao Duong , Thin Nguyen

Mutual Information (MI) is a powerful statistical measure that quantifies shared information between random variables, particularly valuable in high-dimensional data analysis across fields like genomics, natural language processing, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Andre O. Falcao

Sequence-to-sequence neural network models for generation of conversational responses tend to generate safe, commonplace responses (e.g., "I don't know") regardless of the input. We suggest that the traditional objective function, i.e., the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-14 Jiwei Li , Michel Galley , Chris Brockett , Jianfeng Gao , Bill Dolan

Diffusion bridge models in both continuous and discrete state spaces have recently become powerful tools in the field of generative modeling. In this work, we leverage the discrete state space formulation of bridge matching models to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Iryna Zabarianska , Sergei Kholkin , Grigoriy Ksenofontov , Ivan Butakov , Alexander Korotin
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