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Smart contracts (SC) are software codes which reside and run over a blockchain. The code can be written in different languages with the common purpose of implementing various kinds of transactions onto the hosting blockchain, They are ruled…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Roberto Tonelli , Giuseppe Destefanis , Michele Marchesi , Marco Ortu

Smart contracts are computer programs running on blockchains to automate the transaction execution between users. The absence of contract specifications poses a real challenge to the correctness verification of smart contracts. Program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Ye Liu , Chengxuan Zhang , Yi Li.

The rise of modern blockchains has facilitated the emergence of smart contracts: autonomous programs that live and run on the blockchain. Smart contracts have seen a rapid climb to prominence, with applications predicted in law, business,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Lexi Brent , Anton Jurisevic , Michael Kong , Eric Liu , Francois Gauthier , Vincent Gramoli , Ralph Holz , Bernhard Scholz

This work addresses the critical challenges of upgrading smart contracts, which are vital for trust in automated transactions but difficult to modify once deployed. To address this issue, we propose SEAM, a novel framework that automates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Tahrim Hossain , Faisal Haque Bappy , Tarannum Shaila Zaman , Tariqul Islam

Smart contracts are widely utilized in cross-chain interactions, where their results are transmitted from one blockchain (the producer blockchain) to another (the consumer blockchain). Unfortunately, the consumer blockchain often accepts…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Hong Su

Smart contracts have significantly advanced blockchain technology, and digital signatures are crucial for reliable verification of contract authority. Through signature verification, smart contracts can ensure that signers possess the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Zexu Wang , Jiachi Chen , Zewei Lin , Wenqing Chen , Kaiwen Ning , Jianxing Yu , Yuming Feng , Yu Zhang , Weizhe Zhang , Zibin Zheng

Ethereum has become a widely used platform to enable secure, Blockchain-based financial and business transactions. However, many identified bugs and vulnerabilities in smart contracts have led to serious financial losses, which raises…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Zhipeng Gao

Recent years have seen smart contracts are getting increasingly popular in building trustworthy decentralized applications. Previous research has proposed static and dynamic techniques to detect vulnerabilities in smart contracts. These…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Jiaming Ye , Mingliang Ma , Yun Lin , Lei Ma , Yinxing Xue , Jianjun Zhao

Smart contracts are Turing-complete programs that execute on the infrastructure of the blockchain, which often manage valuable digital assets. Solidity is one of the most popular programming languages for writing smart contracts on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Tai D. Nguyen , Long H. Pham , Jun Sun , Yun Lin , Quang Tran Minh

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, smart contract security has become a critical challenge. Existing smart contract vulnerability detection methods face three main issues: (1) Insufficient quality of datasets, lacking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Lei Yu , Shiqi Chen , Hang Yuan , Peng Wang , Zhirong Huang , Jingyuan Zhang , Chenjie Shen , Fengjun Zhang , Li Yang , Jiajia Ma

Smart contracts deployed on blockchains such as Ethereum routinely manage large amounts of assets, making their security critical. Empirical studies show that real-world attacks often exploit flaws in the business logic of contracts that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Massimo Bartoletti , Angelo Ferrando , Enrico Lipparini , Vadim Malvone

Smart contracts are crucial elements of decentralized technologies, but they face significant obstacles to trustworthiness due to security bugs and trapdoors. To address the core issue, we propose a technology that enables programmers to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Nikolaj Bjørner , Shuo Chen , Yang Chen , Zhongxin Guo , Peng Liu , Nanqing Luo

This chapter contributes to evolving the versatility and complexity of blockchain-enabled services through extending the functionality of blockchain-enforced smart contracts. The contributions include: (i) a method for automated management…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Craig Wright , Antoaneta Serguieva

Smart contracts are pieces of code that reside inside the blockchains and can be triggered to execute any transaction when specifically predefined conditions are satisfied. Being commonly used for commercial transactions in blockchain makes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Yilin Wang , Xiangping Chen , Yuan Huang , Hao-Nan Zhu , Jing Bian , Zibin Zheng

In recent years, manifold blockchain protocols have been proposed by researchers and industrial companies alike. This has led to a very heterogeneous blockchain landscape. Accordingly, it would be desirable if blockchains could interact…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Markus Nissl , Emanuel Sallinger , Stefan Schulte , Michael Borkowski

The trade-off of secrecy is the difficulty of verification. This trade-off means that contracts must be kept private, yet their compliance needs to be verified, which we call the secrecy-verifiability paradox. However, the existing smart…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Ha-Thanh Nguyen

The security of smart contracts, which are an important part of blockchain technology, has attracted much attention. In particular, reentrancy vulnerability, which is hidden and complex, poses a great threat to smart contracts. In order to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Chang Chu

The Move Prover (MVP) is a formal verifier for smart contracts written in the Move programming language. MVP has an expressive specification language, and is fast and reliable enough that it can be run routinely by developers and in…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-02-15 David Dill , Wolfgang Grieskamp , Junkil Park , Shaz Qadeer , Meng Xu , Emma Zhong

This paper introduces a method for detecting vulnerabilities in smart contracts using static analysis and a multi-objective optimization algorithm. We focus on four types of vulnerabilities: reentrancy, call stack overflow, integer…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Dongcheng Li , W. Eric Wong , Xiaodan Wang , Sean Pan , Liang-Seng Koh

Smart contracts are computer programs that can be consistently executed by a network of mutually distrusting nodes, without the arbitration of a trusted authority. Because of their resilience to tampering, smart contracts are appealing in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Massimo Bartoletti , Livio Pompianu