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Machine learning (ML) is increasingly applied across industries to automate decision-making, but concerns about ethical and legal compliance remain due to limited transparency, fairness, and accountability. Monitoring through logging a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Patrick Loic Foalem , Leuson Da Silva , Foutse Khomh , Heng Li , Ettore Merlo

Machine learning is expected to fuel significant improvements in medical care. To ensure that fundamental principles such as beneficence, respect for human autonomy, prevention of harm, justice, privacy, and transparency are respected,…

This paper presents an approach to developing assurance cases for adversarial robustness and regulatory compliance in large language models (LLMs). Focusing on both natural and code language tasks, we explore the vulnerabilities these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Tomas Bueno Momcilovic , Dian Balta , Beat Buesser , Giulio Zizzo , Mark Purcell

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4.0 have shown significant promise in addressing the semantic complexities of regulatory documents, particularly in detecting inconsistencies and contradictions. This study evaluates GPT-4.0's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Bimal Kumar , Dmitri Roussinov

Assurance cases are structured arguments that are commonly used to reason about the safety of a product or service. Currently, there is an ongoing push towards using assurance cases for also cybersecurity, especially in safety-critical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Mazen Mohamad , Alexander Åström , Örjan Askerdal , Jörgen Borg , Riccardo Scandariato

The medical device products at the European Union market must be safe and effective. To ensure this, medical device manufacturers must comply to the new regulatory requirements brought by the Medical Device Regulation (MDR) and the In Vitro…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Tuomas Granlund , Juha Vedenpää , Vlad Stirbu , Tommi Mikkonen

Android apps collecting data from users must comply with legal frameworks to ensure data protection. This requirement has become even more important since the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by the European…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Mugdha Khedkar , Michael Schlichtig , Eric Bodden

The recently introduced General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is forcing several companies to make significant changes to their systems to achieve compliance. Motivated by the finding that more than 30% of GDPR articles are related to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Aashaka Shah , Vinay Banakar , Supreeth Shastri , Melissa Wasserman , Vijay Chidambaram

The recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have significantly expanded their applications across various fields such as language generation, summarization, and complex question answering. However, their application to privacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Yang Liu , Xichou Zhu , Zhou Shen , Yi Liu , Min Li , Yujun Chen , Benzi John , Zhenzhen Ma , Tao Hu , Zhi Li , Bolong Yang , Manman Wang , Zongxing Xie , Peng Liu , Dan Cai , Junhui Wang

The data revolution continues to transform every sector of science, industry and government. Due to the incredible impact of data-driven technology on society, we are becoming increasingly aware of the imperative to use data and algorithms…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Serge Abiteboul , Julia Stoyanovich

Agile software development principles enable companies to successfully and quickly deliver software by meeting their customers' expectations while focusing on high quality. Many companies working with pure software systems have adopted…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Ulrik Eklund , Christian Berger

Banks play an intrinsic role in any modern economy, recycling capital from savers to borrowers. They are heavily regulated and there have been a significant number of well publicized compliance failings in recent years. This is despite…

General Economics · Economics 2022-03-29 Nigel Adams , Adriano Augusto , Michael Davern , Marcello La Rosa

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) remains the gold standard in privacy and security regulation. We investigate how the cost and effort required to implement GDPR is viewed by workers who have also experienced the regulations'…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Gerard Buckley , Tristan Caulfield , Ingolf Becker

This paper presents research on current industry practices with respect to requirements engineering as implemented within software development companies in New Zealand. A survey instrument is designed and deployed. The results are analysed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-07-24 Alison Talbot , Andy M. Connor

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) is reshaping software engineering by profoundly influencing coding, documentation, and system maintenance practices. As these tools become deeply embedded in developers' daily workflows,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Vítor Mateus de Brito , Kleinner Farias

Automating the detection of EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) violations in source code is a critical but underexplored challenge. We introduce \textbf{GDPR-Bench-Android}, the first comprehensive benchmark for evaluating diverse…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Huaijin Ran , Haoyi Zhang , Xunzhu Tang

Factors such as app stores or platform choices heavily affect functional and non-functional mobile app requirements. We surveyed 45 companies and interviewed ten experts to explore how factors that impact mobile app requirements are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Nitish Patkar , Mohammad Ghafari , Oscar Nierstrasz , Sofija Hotomski

With the advancements in the enterprise-level business development, the demand for new applications and services is overwhelming. For the development and delivery of such applications and services, enterprise businesses rely on Application…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Fatima Hussain , Rasheed Hussain , Brett Noye , Salah Sharieh

The Digital Services Act (DSA) introduces harmonized rules for content moderation and platform governance in the European Union, mandating robust compliance mechanisms, particularly for very large online platforms and search engines. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Marie-Therese Sekwenz , Ben Wagner , Hans De Bruijn

Privacy Policies are the legal documents that describe the practices that an organization or company has adopted in the handling of the personal data of its users. But as policies are a legal document, they are often written in extensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Ayesha Qamar , Tehreem Javed , Mirza Omer Beg