English
Related papers

Related papers: Comparison of Methods Generalizing Max- and Averag…

200 papers

Recently, dropout has seen increasing use in deep learning. For deep convolutional neural networks, dropout is known to work well in fully-connected layers. However, its effect in pooling layers is still not clear. This paper demonstrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Haibing Wu , Xiaodong Gu

Feature pooling layers (e.g., max pooling) in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) serve the dual purpose of providing increasingly abstract representations as well as yielding computational savings in subsequent convolutional layers. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Shuangfei Zhai , Hui Wu , Abhishek Kumar , Yu Cheng , Yongxi Lu , Zhongfei Zhang , Rogerio Feris

In the framework of convolutional neural networks that lie at the heart of deep learning, downsampling is often performed with a max-pooling operation that only retains the element with maximum activation, while completely discarding the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Ashwani Kumar

Inspired by the conventional pooling layers in convolutional neural networks, many recent works in the field of graph machine learning have introduced pooling operators to reduce the size of graphs. The great variety in the literature stems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Daniele Grattarola , Daniele Zambon , Filippo Maria Bianchi , Cesare Alippi

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have enabled major advances in image classification through convolution and pooling. In particular, image pooling transforms a connected discrete lattice into a reduced lattice with the same connectivity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Stevan Stanovic , Benoit Gaüzère , Luc Brun

Graph neural networks have emerged as a powerful model for graph representation learning to undertake graph-level prediction tasks. Various graph pooling methods have been developed to coarsen an input graph into a succinct graph-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Xiaowei Zhou , Jie Yin , Ivor W. Tsang

Images captured nowadays are of varying dimensions with smartphones and DSLR's allowing users to choose from a list of available image resolutions. It is therefore imperative for forensic algorithms such as resampling detection to scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Mohit Lamba , Kaushik Mitra

Modern convolutional networks are not shift-invariant, as small input shifts or translations can cause drastic changes in the output. Commonly used downsampling methods, such as max-pooling, strided-convolution, and average-pooling, ignore…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Richard Zhang

Convolutional networks almost always incorporate some form of spatial pooling, and very often it is alpha times alpha max-pooling with alpha=2. Max-pooling act on the hidden layers of the network, reducing their size by an integer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Benjamin Graham

In most convolution neural networks (CNNs), downsampling hidden layers is adopted for increasing computation efficiency and the receptive field size. Such operation is commonly so-called pooling. Maximation and averaging over sliding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Hao Zhang , Jianwei Ma

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are one of the most popular approaches to using deep learning on graph-structured data, and they have shown state-of-the-art performances on a variety of tasks. However, according to a recent study, a careful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Jihoon Ko , Taehyung Kwon , Kijung Shin , Juho Lee

We introduce a simple and effective method for regularizing large convolutional neural networks. We replace the conventional deterministic pooling operations with a stochastic procedure, randomly picking the activation within each pooling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-17 Matthew D. Zeiler , Rob Fergus

Graph pooling has gained attention for its ability to obtain effective node and graph representations for various downstream tasks. Despite the recent surge in graph pooling approaches, there is a lack of standardized experimental settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Pengyun Wang , Junyu Luo , Yanxin Shen , Ming Zhang , Shaoen Qin , Hanwen Xing , Siyu Heng , Xiao Luo

A number of recent studies have shown that a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) pretrained on a large dataset can be adopted as a universal image description which leads to astounding performance in many visual classification tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-12-01 Lingqiao Liu , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Deep Neural Networks now excel at image classification, detection and segmentation. When used to scan images by means of a sliding window, however, their high computational complexity can bring even the most powerful hardware to its knees.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-05-07 Alessandro Giusti , Dan C. Cireşan , Jonathan Masci , Luca M. Gambardella , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Deep neural networks with alternating convolutional, max-pooling and decimation layers are widely used in state of the art architectures for computer vision. Max-pooling purposefully discards precise spatial information in order to create…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-19 Sina Honari , Jason Yosinski , Pascal Vincent , Christopher Pal

Pooling is an essential component of a wide variety of sentence representation and embedding models. This paper explores generalized pooling methods to enhance sentence embedding. We propose vector-based multi-head attention that includes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Qian Chen , Zhen-Hua Ling , Xiaodan Zhu

Convolutional layers in graph neural networks are a fundamental type of layer which output a representation or embedding of each graph vertex. The representation typically encodes information about the vertex in question and its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Padraig Corcoran

Pooling operations, which can be calculated at low cost and serve as a linear or nonlinear transfer function for data reduction, are found in almost every modern neural network. Countless modern approaches have already tackled replacing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wolfgang Fuhl , Enkelejda Kasneci

In this work, we revisit the global average pooling layer proposed in [13], and shed light on how it explicitly enables the convolutional neural network to have remarkable localization ability despite being trained on image-level labels.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-15 Bolei Zhou , Aditya Khosla , Agata Lapedriza , Aude Oliva , Antonio Torralba