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Data heterogeneity poses a fundamental challenge in federated learning (FL), especially when clients differ not only in distribution but also in the reliability of their predictions across individual examples. While personalized FL (PFL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Amr Abourayya , Jens Kleesiek , Bharat Rao , Michael Kamp

Federated Learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning technique to train a global model without obtaining clients' private data. The main challenges in FL are statistical diversity among clients, limited computing capability among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Xiaofeng Liu , Yinchuan Li , Qing Wang , Xu Zhang , Yunfeng Shao , Yanhui Geng

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) must interact with a diverse set of human drivers in heterogeneous geographic areas. Ideally, fleets of AVs should share trajectory data to continually re-train and improve trajectory forecasting models from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Manabu Nakanoya , Junha Im , Hang Qiu , Sachin Katti , Marco Pavone , Sandeep Chinchali

Federated Learning (FL) has shown great potential as a privacy-preserving solution to learning from decentralized data that are only accessible to end devices (i.e., clients). In many scenarios, however, a large proportion of the clients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Wentai Wu , Ligang He , Weiwei Lin , Carsten Maple

Federated learning enables multiple clients (institutions) to collaboratively train machine learning models without sharing their private data. To address the challenge of data heterogeneity across clients, personalized federated learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Meilu Zhu , Yuxing Li , Zhiwei Wang , Edmund Y. Lam

In Federated Learning (FL), multiple clients collaborate to learn a shared model through a central server while keeping data decentralized. Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) further extends FL by learning a personalized model per…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Ohad Amosy , Gal Eyal , Gal Chechik

Motivated by the ever-increasing concerns on personal data privacy and the rapidly growing data volume at local clients, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a new machine learning setting. An FL system is comprised of a central parameter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Xiang Ma , Haijian Sun , Rose Qingyang Hu , Yi Qian

Federated learning (FL) emerged as a paradigm designed to improve data privacy by enabling data to reside at its source, thus embedding privacy as a core consideration in FL architectures, whether centralized or decentralized. Contrasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Wenrui Yu , Qiongxiu Li , Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Mads Græsbøll Christensen , Richard Heusdens

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-promoting framework that enables potentially large number of clients to collaboratively train machine learning models. In a FL system, a server coordinates the collaboration by collecting and aggregating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Huancheng Chen , Haris Vikalo

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively learn a shared model without sharing their individual data. Concerns about utility, privacy, and training efficiency in FL have garnered significant research attention.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Hanlin Gu , Xinyuan Zhao , Gongxi Zhu , Yuxing Han , Yan Kang , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

Personalized medication aims to tailor healthcare to individual patient characteristics. However, the heterogeneity of patient data across healthcare systems presents significant challenges to achieving accurate and effective personalized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jiechao Gao , Yuangang Li

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a powerful approach to safeguard data privacy by training models across distributed edge devices without centralizing local data. Despite advancements in homogeneous data scenarios, maintaining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yuting Ma , Shengeng Tang , Xiaohua Xu , Lechao Cheng

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm enabling multiple clients to train a model collaboratively without exposing their local data. Among FL schemes, clustering is an effective technique addressing the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yunan Wei , Shengnan Zhao , Chuan Zhao , Zhe Liu , Zhenxiang Chen , Minghao Zhao

Federated learning faces huge challenges from model overfitting due to the lack of data and statistical diversity among clients. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel personalized federated learning method via Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Xu Zhang , Yinchuan Li , Wenpeng Li , Kaiyang Guo , Yunfeng Shao

Federated Learning (FL) has become a widely used approach for training machine learning models on decentralized data, addressing the significant privacy concerns associated with traditional centralized methods. However, the efficiency of FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 William Marfo , Deepak K. Tosh , Shirley V. Moore

Federated learning (FL) is a promising technique for addressing the rising privacy and security issues. Its main ingredient is to cooperatively learn the model among the distributed clients without uploading any sensitive data. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Huiming Chen , Huandong Wang , Qingyue Long , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

Train machine learning models on sensitive user data has raised increasing privacy concerns in many areas. Federated learning is a popular approach for privacy protection that collects the local gradient information instead of real data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Lichao Sun , Jianwei Qian , Xun Chen

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized, privacy-preserving model training but struggles to balance global generalization and local personalization due to non-identical data distributions across clients. Personalized Fine-Tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Minghui Chen , Hrad Ghoukasian , Ruinan Jin , Zehua Wang , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Xiaoxiao Li

Personalized federated learning (PFL) offers a solution to balancing personalization and generalization by conducting federated learning (FL) to guide personalized learning (PL). Little attention has been given to wireless PFL (WPFL), where…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Xiyu Zhao , Qimei Cui , Ziqiang Du , Weicai Li , Xi Yu , Wei Ni , Ji Zhang , Xiaofeng Tao , Ping Zhang

Deep learning has shown incredible potential across a wide array of tasks, and accompanied by this growth has been an insatiable appetite for data. However, a large amount of data needed for enabling deep learning is stored on personal…