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Recently, the term explainable AI became known as an approach to produce models from artificial intelligence which allow interpretation. Since a long time, there are models of symbolic regression in use that are perfectly explainable and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Markus Quade , Thomas Isele , Markus Abel

Causal inference, a critical tool for informing business decisions, traditionally relies heavily on structured data. However, in many real-world scenarios, such data can be incomplete or unavailable. This paper presents a framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Boning Zhou , Ziyu Wang , Han Hong , Haoqi Hu

False information spread via the internet and social media influences public opinion and user activity, while generative models enable fake content to be generated faster and more cheaply than had previously been possible. In the not so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Antonis Maronikolakis , Hinrich Schutze , Mark Stevenson

State of the art machine learning algorithms are highly optimized to provide the optimal prediction possible, naturally resulting in complex models. While these models often outperform simpler more interpretable models by order of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-24 Yotam Hechtlinger

Transparency, user trust, and human comprehension are popular ethical motivations for interpretable machine learning. In support of these goals, researchers evaluate model explanation performance using humans and real world applications.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Bernease Herman

Toxicity detection is crucial for maintaining the peace of the society. While existing methods perform well on normal toxic contents or those generated by specific perturbation methods, they are vulnerable to evolving perturbation patterns.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Hankun Kang , Jianhao Chen , Yongqi Li , Xin Miao , Mayi Xu , Ming Zhong , Yuanyuan Zhu , Tieyun Qian

The dissemination of Large Language Models (LLMs), trained at scale, and endowed with powerful text-generating abilities, has made it easier for all to produce harmful, toxic, faked or forged content. In response, various proposals have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Matthieu Dubois , François Yvon , Pablo Piantanida

Black-box deep neural networks excel in text classification, yet their application in high-stakes domains is hindered by their lack of interpretability. To address this, we propose Text Bottleneck Models (TBM), an intrinsically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Josh Magnus Ludan , Qing Lyu , Yue Yang , Liam Dugan , Mark Yatskar , Chris Callison-Burch

Transformer-based models have become state-of-the-art tools in various machine learning tasks, including time series classification, yet their complexity makes understanding their internal decision-making challenging. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Matīss Kalnāre , Sofoklis Kitharidis , Thomas Bäck , Niki van Stein

Explainability of a classification model is crucial when deployed in real-world decision support systems. Explanations make predictions actionable to the user and should inform about the capabilities and limitations of the system. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Erwin Walraven , Ajaya Adhikari , Cor J. Veenman

Neural networks are growing more capable on their own, but we do not understand their neural mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms' decision-making processes, or mechanistic interpretability, enables (1) accountability and control in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Mason Kadem , Rong Zheng

The increment of toxic comments on online space is causing tremendous effects on other vulnerable users. For this reason, considerable efforts are made to deal with this, and SemEval-2021 Task 5: Toxic Spans Detection is one of those. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Phu Gia Hoang , Luan Thanh Nguyen , Kiet Van Nguyen

Social media is filled with toxic content. The aim of this paper is to build a model that can detect insincere questions. We use the 'Quora Insincere Questions Classification' dataset for our analysis. The dataset is composed of sincere and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Deepshi Mediratta , Nikhil Oswal

We propose a method for building an interpretable recommender system for personalizing online content and promotions. Historical data available for the system consists of customer features, provided content (promotions), and user responses.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-21 Amit Dhurandhar , Sechan Oh , Marek Petrik

Although a recent shift has been made in the field of predictive process monitoring to use models from the explainable artificial intelligence field, the evaluation still occurs mainly through performance-based metrics, thus not accounting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Alexander Stevens , Johannes De Smedt

Black box machine learning models are currently being used for high stakes decision-making throughout society, causing problems throughout healthcare, criminal justice, and in other domains. People have hoped that creating methods for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-24 Cynthia Rudin

Transformer-based language models benefit from conditioning on contexts of hundreds to thousands of previous tokens. What aspects of these contexts contribute to accurate model prediction? We describe a series of experiments that measure…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Joe O'Connor , Jacob Andreas

Several methods have been proposed for classifying long textual documents using Transformers. However, there is a lack of consensus on a benchmark to enable a fair comparison among different approaches. In this paper, we provide a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Hyunji Hayley Park , Yogarshi Vyas , Kashif Shah

We present our works on SemEval-2021 Task 5 about Toxic Spans Detection. This task aims to build a model for identifying toxic words in whole posts. We use the BiLSTM-CRF model combining with ToxicBERT Classification to train the detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Son T. Luu , Ngan Luu-Thuy Nguyen

Existing toxic detection models face significant limitations, such as lack of transparency, customization, and reproducibility. These challenges stem from the closed-source nature of their training data and the paucity of explanations for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Tinh Son Luong , Thanh-Thien Le , Thang Viet Doan , Linh Ngo Van , Thien Huu Nguyen , Diep Thi-Ngoc Nguyen