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This paper studies the approximation capacity of neural networks with an arbitrary activation function and with norm constraint on the weights. Upper and lower bounds on the approximation error of these networks are computed for smooth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Francesco Paolo Maiale , Anastasiia Trofimova , Arturo De Marinis

In this paper, we derive improved a priori error estimates for families of hybridizable interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (H-IP) methods using a variable penalty for second-order elliptic problems. The strategy is to use a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-06 Gregory Etangsale , Marwan Fahs , Vincent Fontaine , Nalitiana Rajaonison

We study small perturbations of the Dirichlet problems for second order elliptic equations that degenerate on the boundary. The limit of the solution, as the perturbation tends to zero, is calculated. The result is based on a certain…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Mark Freidlin , Leonid Koralov

This paper introduces new parameterizations of equilibrium neural networks, i.e. networks defined by implicit equations. This model class includes standard multilayer and residual networks as special cases. The new parameterization admits a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Max Revay , Ruigang Wang , Ian R. Manchester

We propose a novel framework to solve risk-sensitive reinforcement learning (RL) problems where the agent optimises time-consistent dynamic spectral risk measures. Based on the notion of conditional elicitability, our methodology constructs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Anthony Coache , Sebastian Jaimungal , Álvaro Cartea

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have significantly advanced machine learning, with model depth playing a central role in their successes. The dynamical system modeling approach has recently emerged as a powerful framework, offering new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jinshu Huang , Mingfei Sun , Chunlin Wu

Given an elliptic operator~$L$ on a bounded domain~$\Omega \subseteq {\bf R}^n$, and a positive Radon measure~$\mu$ on~$\Omega$, not charging polar sets, we discuss an explicit approximation procedure which leads to a sequence of…

funct-an · Mathematics 2016-08-31 Gianni Dal Maso , Annalisa Malusa

The effectiveness of non-parametric, kernel-based methods for function estimation comes at the price of high computational complexity, which hinders their applicability in adaptive, model-based control. Motivated by approximation techniques…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-17 Anna Scampicchio , Elena Arcari , Melanie N. Zeilinger

We propose a deep learning based method, the Deep Ritz Method, for numerically solving variational problems, particularly the ones that arise from partial differential equations. The Deep Ritz method is naturally nonlinear, naturally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Weinan E , Bing Yu

When using the boundary integral equation method to solve a boundary value problem, the evaluation of the solution near the boundary is challenging to compute because the layer potentials that represent the solution are nearly-singular…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-10-08 Camille Carvalho , Shilpa Khatri , Arnold D. Kim

In this paper error analysis for finite element discretizations of Dirichlet boundary control problems is developed. For the first time, optimal discretization error estimates are established in the case of three dimensional polyhedral and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-05 Johannes Pfefferer , Boris Vexler

In this article, by applying the well known method for dealing with $p$-Laplace type elliptic boundary value problems, the authors establish a sharp estimate for the decreasing rearrangement of the gradient of solutions to the Dirichlet and…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-03-03 Sibei Yang , Der-Chen Chang , Dachun Yang , Zunwei Fu

We consider a general linear parabolic problem with extended time boundary conditions (including initial value problems and periodic ones), and approximate it by the implicit Euler scheme in time and the Gradient Discretisation method in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-22 J Droniou , R Eymard , T Gallouët , C Guichard , R Herbin

We show generalisation error bounds for deep learning with two main improvements over the state of the art. (1) Our bounds have no explicit dependence on the number of classes except for logarithmic factors. This holds even when formulating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Antoine Ledent , Waleed Mustafa , Yunwen Lei , Marius Kloft

Deep learning has shown successful application in visual recognition and certain artificial intelligence tasks. Deep learning is also considered as a powerful tool with high flexibility to approximate functions. In the present work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Ayan Chakraborty , Thomas Wick , Xiaoying Zhuang , Timon Rabczuk

We propose a machine learning method for computing eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Schr\"odinger operator on a $d$-dimensional hypercube with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The cut-off function technique is employed to construct trial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Hao Yu , Yixiao Guo , Pingbing Ming

In this paper we present a finite element method for the direct transcription of constrained non-linear optimal control problems. We prove that our method converges of high order under mild assumptions. Our analysis uses a regularized…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-22 Martin Peter Neuenhofen

In this article we consider a priori error and pointwise estimates for finite element approximations of solutions to semilinear elliptic boundary value problems in d>=2 space dimensions, with nonlinearities satisfying critical growth…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2011-12-22 Randolph E. Bank , Michael Holst , Ryan Szypowski , Yunrong Zhu

This paper identifies necessary and sufficient conditions for the exactness of penalty functions in optimization problems whose constraint sets are not necessarily bounded. The case where the data of problems is locally Lipschitz,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Liguo Jiao , Tien-Son Pham , Nguyen Van Tuyen

While Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) achieve remarkable performance, their tendency to produce overconfident predictions. Evidential Deep Learning (EDL) mitigates this by formulating predictions as a Dirichlet distribution over class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiawei Tang , Xinyan Du , Hui Liu , Junhui Hou , Yuheng Jia