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Two signed graphs are called switching isomorphic if one of them is isomorphic to a switching equivalent of the other. To determine the number of switching non-isomorphic signed graphs on a specific graph, we will establish a method based…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Yousef Bagheri , Alireza Moghadamfar , Farzaneh Ramezani

Given a graph, we can form a spanning forest by first sorting the edges in some order, and then only keep edges incident to a vertex which is not incident to any previous edge. The resulting forest is dependent on the ordering of the edges,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-16 Steve Butler , Misa Hamanaka , Marie Hardt

B. Bollob\'{a}s and G. Brightwell and independently R. Shi proved the existence of a cycle through all vertices whose degrees at least $\frac{n}{2}$ in any $2$-connected graph of order $n$. Motivated by this result, we prove the existence…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-12 Chengli Li , Leyou Xu

Based on a general theory of descendant trees of finite p-groups and the virtual periodicity isomorphisms between the branches of a coclass subtree, the behavior of algebraic invariants of the tree vertices and their automorphism groups…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-12 Daniel C. Mayer

`Double edge swaps' transform one graph into another while preserving the graph's degree sequence, and have thus been used in a number of popular Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling techniques. However, while double edge-swaps can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-29 Joel Nishimura

Let $\mathcal{G}_{\alpha}$ be a hereditary graph class (i.e, every subgraph of $G_{\alpha}\in \mathcal{G}_{\alpha}$ belongs to $\mathcal{G}_{\alpha}$) such that every graph $G_{\alpha}$ in $\mathcal{G}_{\alpha}$ has minimum degree at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-11 Xin Zhang , Bei Niu

We study the evolution of graphs densifying by adding edges: Two vertices are chosen randomly, and an edge is (i) established if each vertex belongs to a tree; (ii) established with probability $p$ if only one vertex belongs to a tree;…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-10 P. L. Krapivsky

A sequence $D=(d_1,d_2,\ldots,d_n)$ of non-negative integers is called a graphic sequence if there is a simple graph with vertices $v_1,v_2,\ldots,v_n$ such that the degree of $v_i$ is $d_i$ for $1\leq i\leq n$. Given a graph theoretical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-23 Peiyi Duan , Yingzhi Tian

A graph $X$ is 2-spanning cyclable if for any pair of distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ there is a 2-factor of $X$ consisting of two cycles such that $u$ and $v$ belong to distinct cycles. In this paper we examine the 2-spanning cyclability of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-12 Brian Alspach , Aditya Joshi

A graph $G$ is a prime distance graph (respectively, a 2-odd graph) if its vertices can be labeled with distinct integers such that for any two adjacent vertices, the difference of their labels is prime (either 2 or odd). We prove that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-07 Joshua D. Laison , Colin Starr , Andrea Walker

We obtain the maximum sum-connectivity indices of graphs in the set of trees and in the set of unicyclic graphs respectively with given number of vertices and maximum degree, and determine the corresponding extremal graphs. Additionally, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-19 Zhibin Du , Bo Zhou , Nenad Trinajstic

In a graph, the switching operation reverses adjacencies between a subset of vertices and the others. For a hereditary graph class $\mathcal{G}$, we are concerned with the maximum subclass and the minimum superclass of $\mathcal{G}$ that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Dhanyamol Antony , Yixin Cao , Sagartanu Pal , R. B. Sandeep

We investigate connected cubic vertex-transitive graphs whose edge sets admit a partition into a $2$-factor $\mathcal{C}$ and a $1$-factor that is invariant under a vertex-transitive subgroup of the automorphism group of the graph and where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Brian Alspach , Primoz Sparl

We address the problem of ordering trees with the same degree sequence by their spectral radii. To achieve that, we consider 2-switch transformations which preserve the degree sequence and establish when the index decreases. Our main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-25 Elismar R. Oliveira , Victor N. Schvöllner , Vilmar Trevisan

A 2-stab unit interval graph (2SUIG) is an axes-parallel unit square intersection graph where the unit squares intersect either of the two fixed lines parallel to the $X$-axis, distance $1 + \epsilon$ ($0 < \epsilon < 1$) apart. This family…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Sujoy Kumar Bhore , Dibyayan Chakraborty , Sandip Das , Sagnik Sen

A directed graph is semi-transitive if and only if it is acyclic and for any directed path $u_1\rightarrow u_2\rightarrow \cdots \rightarrow u_t$, $t \geq 2$, either there is no edge from $u_1$ to $u_t$ or all edges $u_i\rightarrow u_j$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-13 Kittitat Iamthong , Sergey Kitaev

This paper considers synchronous discrete-time dynamical systems on graphs based on the threshold model. It is well known that after a finite number of rounds these systems either reach a fixed point or enter a 2-cycle. The problem of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Volker Turau

We prove a conjecture of Shteiner and Shteyner stating that for a bipartite graph $G=(V,E)$, the number of forests in $G$ equals the number of degree sequences arising from its spanning subgraphs. In the process, we provide several…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Darij Grinberg , Benjamin Liber

The 2-switch-degree of $G$ is the number of distinct 2-switches acting on a graph $G$. In this work we study structural properties of the 2-switch-degree, with a focus on split graphs. Our approach is motivated by the Tyshkevich…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Victor Nicolas Schvöllner

A graph G is a 2-tree if G=K_3, or G has a vertex v of degree 2, whose neighbours are adjacent, and G\v{i}s a 2-tree. A characterization of the degree sequences of 2-trees is given. This characterization yields a linear-time algorithm for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-10-23 Prosenjit Bose , Vida Dujmović , Danny Krizanc , Stefan Langerman , Pat Morin , David R. Wood , Stefanie Wuhrer