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The region of spacetime near the event horizon of a black hole can be viewed as a deep potential well at large gravitational redshift relative to distant observers. However, matter orbiting in this region travels at relativistic speeds and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-25 Delilah E. A. Gates , Shahar Hadar , Alexandru Lupsasca

Using the exact solution that describes multi-centered rotating black holes, recently discovered by Teo and Wan, we investigate the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) for massive particles and the circular orbit for massless particles…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-28 Eiki Kagohashi , Ryotaku Suzuki , Shinya Tomizawa

Emission from within the plunging region of black hole accretion flows has recently been detected in two X-ray binary systems. There is, furthermore, a possible discrepancy between the inferred spins of gravitational wave and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-26 Andrew Mummery , Jiachen Jiang , Adam Ingram , Andrew Fabian , Jake Rule

The Kerr rotating black hole metric has unstable photon orbits that orbit around the hole at fixed values of the Boyer-Lindquist coordinate $r$ that depend on the axial angular momentum of the orbit, as well as on the parameters of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-27 Don N. Page

The radial motion of photons emitted near the horizon of a black hole that evaporates at a steady rate is examined. The space-time of the black hole is generated using non-orthogonal coordinates. It is shown that some photons that are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-13 Beth A. Brown , James Lindesay

We revisit the innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) of charged particles and study the polarized images of synchrotron radiations emitted from such orbiting hotspots on the equatorial plane in Schwarzchild-Melvin black hole spacetime.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-11 Hu Zhu , Minyong Guo

We propose that high frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (HFQPOs) can be produced from randomly-formed X-ray bursts (flashes) by plasma interior to the ergosphere of a rapidly-rotating black hole. We show by direct computation of their…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Keigo Fukumura , Demosthenes Kazanas

In this work, we establish the existence conditions and a universal upper bound on the radius of stable photon spheres (SPS) outside the event horizons of static, spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat black holes surrounded by matter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-16 Yong Song , Jiaqi Fu , Yiting Cen

We consider a rapidly spinning black hole surrounded by an equatorial, geometrically thin, slowly accreting disk that is stationary and axisymmetric. We analytically compute the broadening of electromagnetic line emissions from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-03-26 Alexandru Lupsasca , Achilleas P. Porfyriadis , Yichen Shi

The spherical photon orbits around a black hole with constant radii are particular important in astrophysical observations of the black hole. In this paper, the equatorial and non-equatorial spherical photon orbits around Kerr-Newman black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-08 Ying-Xuan Chen , Jia-Hui Huang , Haoxiang Jiang

We analyze the scalar radiation emitted from a source rotating around a Schwarzschild black hole using the framework of quantum field theory at the tree level. We show that for relativistic circular orbits the emitted power is about 20% to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Luis C. B. Crispino , Atsushi Higuchi , George E. A. Matsas

We investigate the dynamics of a neutral and a charged particle around a static and spherically symmetric black hole in the presence of quintessence matter and external magnetic field. We explore the conditions under which the particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-26 Mubasher Jamil , Saqib Hussain , Bushra Majeed

Using an effective potential method we examine binary black holes where the individual holes carry spin. We trace out sequences of quasi-circular orbits and locate the innermost stable circular orbit as a function of spin. At large…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Harald P. Pfeiffer , Saul A. Teukolsky , Gregory B. Cook

We investigate the possibility of photon halos (stable photon orbits) forming outside Schwarzschild-$f(R)$ black holes by analyzing null geodesics in these spacetimes. Using methods inspired by studies of spherical photon orbits around…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-10 Wen-Xiang Chen

The innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) delimits the transition from circular orbits to those that plunge into a black hole. In the test-mass limit, well-defined ISCO conditions exist for the Kerr and Schwarzschild spacetimes. In the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-25 Marc Favata

The innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) offers a fundamental test of spacetime structure. However, its behavior in higher-dimensional black holes influenced by anisotropic energy-momentum tensors remains insufficiently explored. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-18 Hocheol Lee , Bogeun Gwak

In this study, we investigate the image of a rotating compact object (CO) illuminated by a geometrically thin, optically thin disk on the equatorial plane. As the radius of the CO's surface fluctuates, the CO may partially or entirely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-26 Xiangyu Wang , Xiaobao Wang , Hai-Qing Zhang , Minyong Guo

Gravitational lensing near a black hole is strong enough that light rays can circle the event horizon multiple times. Photons emitted in multiple directions at a single event, perhaps because of localized, impulsive heating of accreting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-31 George N. Wong

Although the circular photon orbit and ISCO for the Kerr black hole remain distinct from each other and from the horizon in the extremal spin limit on a constant Boyer-Lindquist time slice, on a horizon-crossing slice they both coincide…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 Ted Jacobson

We investigate the spherical photon orbits in near-extremal Kerr spacetimes. We show that the spherical photon orbits with impact parameters in a finite range converge on the event horizon. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Weyl…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-04 Takahisa Igata , Hideki Ishihara , Yu Yasunishi