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We investigate the influence of the temporal variations of various medium parameters on the propagation of Dirac-type waves in materials where the quasiparticles are described by a generalized version of the pseudospin-1/2 Dirac equation.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Seulong Kim , Kihong Kim

Recent advancement in digital coding metasurfaces incorporating spatial and temporal modulation has enabled simultaneous control of electromagnetic (EM) waves in both space and frequency domains by manipulating incident EM waves in a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-05-08 Shaghayegh Vosoughitabar , Chung-Tse Michael Wu

Electromagnetic waves undergo multiple uncontrollable alterations as they propagate within a wireless environment. Free space path loss, signal absorption, as well as reflections, refractions and diffractions caused by physical objects…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-06 Christos Liaskos , Shuai Nie , Ageliki Tsioliaridou , Andreas Pitsillides , Sotiris Ioannidis , Ian Akyildiz

The introduction of time as an additional degree of freedom to control wave-matter interactions have opened new avenues to fully control wave propagation in four dimensions (x,y,z,t). Time interfaces (rapid changes of the constitutive…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-03 Mariya Antyufeyeva , Victor Pacheco-Peña

The spatial and temporal dynamics of wave propagation are intertwined. A common manifestation of this duality emerges in the spatial and temporal decay of waves as they propagate through a lossy medium. A complete description of the…

The Brewster angle is a well-known phenomenon that describes the angle dependent reflection minimum resulting from the difference in the refractive index between two media for p-polarized light. From multipole decomposition, we show this…

We study the time-reflection and time-refraction of waves caused by a spatial interface with a medium undergoing a sudden temporal change in permittivity. We show that monochromatic waves are transformed into a pulse by the permittivity…

Diffusion metamaterials with artificial spatial structures have significant potential in controlling energy and mass transfer. Those static structures may lead to functionality and tunability constraints, impeding the application scope of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Jinrong Liu , Liujun Xu , Jiping Huang

Scattering of obliquely incident electromagnetic waves from periodically space-time modulated slabs is investigated. It is shown that such structures operate as nonreciprocal harmonic generators and spatial-frequency filters. For oblique…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-01-03 Sajjad Taravati , Nima Chamanara , Christophe Caloz

Since the dawn of modern optics and electromagnetics, optical prism is one of the most fascinating optical elements for refracting light. Exploiting its frequency dispersive behaviour, a prism is able to refract different frequencies in…

Optics · Physics 2023-02-15 L. Stefanini , D. Ramaccia , A. Toscano , F. Bilotti

The control of reflection and refraction at interfaces using engineered media is central to numerous optical technologies, with negative refraction and the suppression of backscattering representing two prominent research frontiers. In this…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-10 Yongge Wang , Jingfeng Yao , Chengxun Yuan , Zhongxiang Zhou

The interaction of obliquely incident surface gravity waves with a vertical flexible permeable membrane wave barrier is investigated in the context of three-dimensional linear wave-structure interaction theory. A general formulation for…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2016-04-20 Santanu Koley , Trilochan Sahoo

We present a new approach for spatiotemporal focusing through complex scattering media by wave front shaping. Using a nonlinear feedback signal to shape the incident pulsed wave front, we show that the limit of a spatiotemporal matched…

The conventional description of time-varying media assumes that electromagnetic fields evolve according to fixed continuity conditions during parameter jumps. Here we reveal that these conditions are not physical constraints but tunable…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-24 Yongge Wang , Jingfeng Yao , Ying Wang , Chengxun Yuan , Zhongxiang Zhou

Physical systems with material properties modulated in time provide versatile routes for designing magnetless nonreciprocal devices. Traditionally, nonreciprocity in such systems is achieved exploiting both temporal and spatial modulations,…

We study the behavior of wave propagation in materials for which not all of the principle elements of the permeability and permittivity tensors have the same sign. We find that a wide variety of effects can be realized in such media,…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-07 D. R. Smith , D. Schurig

In lossless acoustic systems, mode transitions are always time-reversible, consistent with Lorentz reciprocity, giving rise to symmetric sound manipulation in space-time. To overcome this fundamental limitation and break space-time…

Temporal metamaterials are artificially manufactured materials with time-dependent material properties that exhibit interesting phenomena when waves propagate through them. The propagation of electromagnetic waves in such time-varying…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Christian Döding , Barbara Verfürth

Impedance mismatch between free space and absorptive materials is a fundamental issue plaguing the pursue of high-efficiency light absorption. In this work, we design and numerically demonstrate a type of non-resonant impedance-matched…

Optics · Physics 2021-08-09 Huiying Fan , Jensen Li , Yun Lai , Jie Luo

The application of transformation optics to the development of intriguing electromagnetic devices can produce weakly anisotropic or isotropic media with the assistance of quasi-conformal and/or conformal mapping, as opposed to the strongly…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-03 Xiaoyu Zhao , Hong Deng , Xiaoke Gao , Xikui Ma , Tianyu Dong