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We investigate how to train kernel approximation methods that generalize well under a memory budget. Building on recent theoretical work, we define a measure of kernel approximation error which we find to be more predictive of the empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-21 Jian Zhang , Avner May , Tri Dao , Christopher Ré

Kernel methods represent one of the most powerful tools in machine learning to tackle problems expressed in terms of function values and derivatives due to their capability to represent and model complex relations. While these methods show…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-06 Bharath K. Sriperumbudur , Zoltan Szabo

The method of "random Fourier features (RFF)" has become a popular tool for approximating the "radial basis function (RBF)" kernel. The variance of RFF is actually large. Interestingly, the variance can be substantially reduced by a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-22 Ping Li

Random Fourier features (RFF) represent one of the most popular and wide-spread techniques in machine learning to scale up kernel algorithms. Despite the numerous successful applications of RFFs, unfortunately, quite little is understood…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-12 Zoltan Szabo , Bharath K. Sriperumbudur

Kernel methods are powerful and flexible approach to solve many problems in machine learning. Due to the pairwise evaluations in kernel methods, the complexity of kernel computation grows as the data size increases; thus the applicability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Bharath Bhushan Damodaran , Nicolas Courty , Philippe-Henri Gosselin

We propose the use of low bit-depth Sigma-Delta and distributed noise-shaping methods for quantizing the Random Fourier features (RFFs) associated with shift-invariant kernels. We prove that our quantized RFFs -- even in the case of $1$-bit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Jinjie Zhang , Harish Kannan , Alexander Cloninger , Rayan Saab

Random Fourier features is one of the most popular techniques for scaling up kernel methods, such as kernel ridge regression. However, despite impressive empirical results, the statistical properties of random Fourier features are still not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Haim Avron , Michael Kapralov , Cameron Musco , Christopher Musco , Ameya Velingker , Amir Zandieh

Random Fourier Features (RFF) is among the most popular and broadly applicable approaches for scaling up kernel methods. In essence, RFF allows the user to avoid costly computations on a large kernel matrix via a fast randomized…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-23 Junwen Yao , N. Benjamin Erichson , Miles E. Lopes

The random Fourier features (RFFs) method is a powerful and popular technique in kernel approximation for scalability of kernel methods. The theoretical foundation of RFFs is based on the Bochner theorem that relates symmetric, positive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Mingzhen He , Fan He , Fanghui Liu , Xiaolin Huang

Probabilistic machine learning models are distinguished by their ability to integrate prior knowledge of noise statistics, smoothness parameters, and training data uncertainty. A common approach involves modeling data with Gaussian…

Computation · Statistics 2025-07-31 Cristian A. Galvis-Florez , Ahmad Farooq , Simo Särkkä

The method of random Fourier features (RFF), proposed in a seminal paper by Rahimi and Recht (NIPS'07), is a powerful technique to find approximate low-dimensional representations of points in (high-dimensional) kernel space, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Kuan Cheng , Shaofeng H. -C. Jiang , Luojian Wei , Zhide Wei

In large-scale regression problems, random Fourier features (RFFs) have significantly enhanced the computational scalability and flexibility of Gaussian processes (GPs) by defining kernels through their spectral density, from which a finite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Houston Warren , Rafael Oliveira , Fabio Ramos

Kernel methods give powerful, flexible, and theoretically grounded approaches to solving many problems in machine learning. The standard approach, however, requires pairwise evaluations of a kernel function, which can lead to scalability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Danica J. Sutherland , Jeff Schneider

There is currently a huge effort to understand the potential and limitations of variational quantum machine learning (QML) based on the optimization of parameterized quantum circuits. Recent proposals toward dequantizing variational QML…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-01 Ryan Sweke , Seongwook Shin , Elies Gil-Fuster

In the quest for quantum advantage, a central question is under what conditions can classical algorithms achieve a performance comparable to quantum algorithms--a concept known as dequantization. Random Fourier features (RFFs) have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Mehrad Sahebi , Alice Barthe , Yudai Suzuki , Zoë Holmes , Michele Grossi

Fourier feature approximations have been successfully applied in the literature for scalable Gaussian Process (GP) regression. In particular, Quadrature Fourier Features (QFF) derived from Gaussian quadrature rules have gained popularity in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-24 Kevin Li , Max Balakirsky , Simon Mak

This paper, broadly speaking, covers the use of randomness in two main areas: low-rank approximation and kernel methods. Low-rank approximation is very important in numerical linear algebra. Many applications depend on matrix decomposition…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-12 Rishi Advani , Madison Crim , Sean O'Hagan

This work is dedicated to simultaneous continuous-time trajectory estimation and mapping based on Gaussian Processes (GP). State-of-the-art GP-based models for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) are computationally efficient but…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Yermek Kapushev , Anastasia Kishkun , Gonzalo Ferrer , Evgeny Burnaev

Random Fourier Features (RFF) demonstrate wellappreciated performance in kernel approximation for largescale situations but restrict kernels to be stationary and positive definite. And for non-stationary kernels, the corresponding RFF could…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-15 Qin Luo , Kun Fang , Jie Yang , Xiaolin Huang

Simulating a Gaussian process requires sampling from a high-dimensional Gaussian distribution, which scales cubically with the number of sample locations. Spectral methods address this challenge by exploiting the Fourier representation,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-27 Arsalan Jawaid , Abdullah Karatas , Jörg Seewig
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