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We classify time-reversal breaking (class A) spinful topological crystalline insulators with crystallographic non-magnetic (32 types) and magnetic (58 types) point groups. The classification includes all possible magnetic topological…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-02-19 Nobuyuki Okuma , Masatoshi Sato , Ken Shiozaki

To realize novel topological phases and to pursue potential applications in low-energy consumption spintronics, the study of magnetic topological materials is of great interest. Starting from the theory of nonmagnetic topological quantum…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-03 Jiacheng Gao , Zhaopeng Guo , Hongming Weng , Zhijun Wang

One of the defining properties of the conventional three-dimensional ("$\mathbb{Z}_2$-", or "spin-orbit"-) topological insulator is its characteristic magnetoelectric effect, as described by axion electrodynamics. In this paper, we discuss…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-06-14 Shinsei Ryu , Joel E. Moore , Andreas W. W. Ludwig

The topological invariants of a time-reversal-invariant band structure in two dimensions are multiple copies of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant found by Kane and Mele. Such invariants protect the topological insulator and give rise to a spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 J. E. Moore , L. Balents

It has recently been shown that in every spatial dimension there exist precisely five distinct classes of topological insulators or superconductors. Within a given class, the different topological sectors can be distinguished, depending on…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-06-22 Shinsei Ryu , Andreas Schnyder , Akira Furusaki , Andreas Ludwig

Topological insulators exhibit gapless edge or surface states that are topologically protected by time-reversal symmetry. However, several promising candidates for topologically insulating materials (such as Bi$_2$Se$_3$ and HgTe) contain…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-07-11 Arian Vezvaee , Antonio Russo , Sophia E. Economou , Edwin Barnes

An exhaustive classification scheme of topological insulators and superconductors is presented. The key property of topological insulators (superconductors) is the appearance of gapless degrees of freedom at the interface/boundary between a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Andreas P. Schnyder , Shinsei Ryu , Akira Furusaki , Andreas W. W. Ludwig

A novel result in $\mathbb Z_2$-equivariant homotopy theory is stated, proven, and applied to the topological classification of classically frustrated magnets in the presence of canonical time-reversal symmetry. This result generalizes a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-07-03 Shayan Zahedi

We propose magnetic second-order topological insulators (SOTIs). First, we study a three-dimensional model. It is pointed out that the previously proposed topological hinge insulator has actually surface states along the [001] direction in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-25 Motohiko Ezawa

The electronic ground state of a three-dimensional (3D) band insulator with time-reversal ($\Theta$) symmetry or time-reversal times a discrete translation ($\Theta T_{1/2}$) symmetry is classified by a $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-valued topological…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Chao Lei , Perry T. Mahon , Allan H. MacDonald

Magnetoelectric responses are a fundamental characteristic of materials that break time-reversal and inversion symmetries (notably multiferroics) and, remarkably, of "topological insulators" in which those symmetries are unbroken. Previous…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Andrew M. Essin , Ari M. Turner , Joel E. Moore , David Vanderbilt

Noninteracting insulating electronic states of matter can be classified according to their symmetries in terms of topological invariants which can be related to effective surface theories. These effective surface theories are in turn…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Bart de Leeuw , Carolin Küppersbusch , Vladimir Juricic , Lars Fritz

The classification of topological states of matter depends on spatial dimension and symmetry class. For non-interacting topological insulators and superconductors the topological classification is obtained systematically and nontrivial…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-06-05 Xiao-Liang Qi

The study of spatial symmetries was accomplished during the last century, and had greatly improved our understanding of the properties of solids. Nowadays, the symmetry data of any crystal can be readily extracted from standard…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-06 Zhida Song , Tiantian Zhang , Zhong Fang , Chen Fang

Topological insulators in three dimensions are characterized by a Z2-valued topological invariant, which consists of a strong index and three weak indices. In the presence of disorder, only the strong index survives. This paper studies the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-25 H. -M. Guo

Topological crystalline phases in electronic structures can be generally classified using the spatial symmetry characters of the valence bands and mapping them onto appropriate symmetry indicators. These mappings have been recently applied…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 Sander H. Kooi , Guido van Miert , Carmine Ortix

In this Book Chapter (invited) we briefly review the basic concepts defining topological insulators and focus on elaborating on the key experimental results that revealed and established their symmetry protected (SPT) topological nature. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-02-17 M. Zahid Hasan , Su-Yang Xu , Madhab Neupane

We numerically verify and analytically prove a winding number invariant that correctly predicts the number of edge states in one-dimensional, nearest-neighbor (between unit cells), two-band models with any complex couplings and open…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Janet Zhong , Heming Wang , Alexander N Poddubny , Shanhui Fan

We point out certain symmetry induced constraints on topological order in Mott Insulators (quantum magnets with an odd number of spin $\tfrac{1}{2}$ per unit cell). We show, for example, that the double semion topological order is…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-04-21 Michael P. Zaletel , Ashvin Vishwanath