Related papers: Some Results on Analysis and number theory

This article provides a proof of the famous \textit{Prime Number Theorem} by establishing an analogous statement of the same in terms of the second \textit{Chebyshev Function} $\psi(x)$. We shall be extensively using complex analytic…

Given positive real numbers, we prove two inequalities involving their potential energy and their power sums. We also prove an inequality involving the energy and the discriminant and apply it to deduce a result on totally positive…

In this paper we first establish new explicit estimates for Chebyshev's $\vartheta$-function. Applying these new estimates, we derive new upper and lower bounds for some functions defined over the prime numbers, for instance the prime…

Ordinary differential equations have an arithmetic analogue in which functions are replaced by numbers and the derivation operator is replaced by a Fermat quotient operator. In this survey we explain the main motivations, constructions,…

Let $f(x_1,\ldots,x_n)$ be a regular indefinite integral quadratic form with $n\ge 9$, and let $t$ be an integer. It is established that $f(x_1,\ldots,x_n)=t$ has solutions in prime variables if there are no local obstructions.

Let $F$ be a number field and $\mathcal{O}_F$ its ring of integers. We use Chevalley's ambiguous class number formula to give a criterion for the non-existence of solutions to the unit equation $\lambda + \mu = 1$, $\lambda, \mu \in…

The prime number problem falls within the realm of number theory, specifically elementary number theory. Current research approaches have unnecessarily complicated this matter. In contrast to more advanced mathematical tools, the methods of…

In the paper, the occurrence of zeros and ones in the binary expansion of the primes is studied. In particular the statement in the title is established. The proof is unconditional.

In this paper we establish explicit upper and lower bounds for the ratio of the arithmetic and geometric means of the prime numbers, which improve the current best estimates. Further, we prove several conjectures related to this ration…

We give upper bounds on the size of the gap between a non-zero constant term and the next non-zero Fourier coefficient of an entire level two modular form. We give upper bounds for the minimum positive integer represented by a level two…

We find examples of duality among quantum theories that are related to arithmetic functions by identifying distinct Hamiltonians that have identical partition functions at suitably related coupling constants or temperatures. We are led to…

An open problem of arithmetic Ramsey theory asks if given a finite $r$-colouring $c:\mathbb{N}\to\{1,...,r\}$ of the natural numbers, there exist $x,y\in \mathbb{N}$ such that $c(xy)=c(x+y)$ apart from the trivial solution $x=y=2$. More…

We prove a new mean-value theorem for Dirichlet polynomials with coefficients given by the von Mangoldt function. We then use our theorem to derive new estimates for certain exponential sums over primes. The latter have applications to…

In this study, a new form of quadratic spline is obtained, where the coefficients are determined explicitly by variational methods. Convergence is studied and parity conservation is demonstrated. Finally, the method is applied to solve…

Several interesting formulas concerning finite Hilbert transform and logarithmic integrals are proved with application in determining equilibrium measures, planar limits of analytic random matrix models with $1-$cut potential and solving…

In this essay, we see how prime cyclotomic fields (cyclotomic fields obtained by adjoining a primitive p-th root of unity to Q, where p is an odd prime) can lead to elegant proofs of number theoretical concepts. We namely develop the notion…

The paper proves the intermediate value theorem for polynomials and power series over a valued field with divisible valuation group and infinite residue field. Some further results on the behaviour of the valuation are obtained using…

We prove new bounds on the Betti numbers of real varieties and semi-algebraic sets that have a more refined dependence on the degrees of the polynomials defining them than results known before. Our method also unifies several different…

We exhibit an explicit formula for the cardinality of solutions to a class of quadratic matrix equations over finite fields. We prove that the orbits of these solutions under the natural conjugation action of the general linear groups can…

In this paper, we consider linear differential equations satisfied by the generating function for Hermite polynomials and derive some new identities involving those polynomials.