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Long-context question answering (QA) tasks require reasoning over a long document or multiple documents. Addressing these tasks often benefits from identifying a set of evidence spans (e.g., sentences), which provide supporting evidence for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Avi Caciularu , Ido Dagan , Jacob Goldberger , Arman Cohan

Practical applications of abstractive summarization models are limited by frequent factual inconsistencies with respect to their input. Existing automatic evaluation metrics for summarization are largely insensitive to such errors. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Alex Wang , Kyunghyun Cho , Mike Lewis

Understanding the contents of multimodal documents is essential to accurately extract relevant evidence and use it for reasoning. Existing document understanding models tend to generate answers with a single word or phrase directly,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Jinxu Zhang

Question Answering (QA) on narrative text poses a unique challenge to current systems, requiring a deep understanding of long, complex documents. However, the reliability of NarrativeQA, the most widely used benchmark in this domain, is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tommaso Bonomo , Luca Gioffré , Roberto Navigli

Question answering (QA) systems are among the most important and rapidly developing research topics in natural language processing (NLP). A reason, therefore, is that a QA system allows humans to interact more naturally with a machine,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Amer Farea , Zhen Yang , Kien Duong , Nadeesha Perera , Frank Emmert-Streib

We propose a novel open-domain question answering (ODQA) framework for answering single/multi-hop questions across heterogeneous knowledge sources. The key novelty of our method is the introduction of the intermediary modules into the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Kaixin Ma , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Eric Nyberg , Jianfeng Gao

A common thread of open-domain question answering (QA) models employs a retriever-reader pipeline that first retrieves a handful of relevant passages from Wikipedia and then peruses the passages to produce an answer. However, even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mingxuan Ju , Wenhao Yu , Tong Zhao , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

The financial domain frequently deals with large numbers of long documents that are essential for daily operations. Significant effort is put towards automating financial data analysis. However, a persistent challenge, not limited to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Viet Dac Lai , Michael Krumdick , Charles Lovering , Varshini Reddy , Craig Schmidt , Chris Tanner

We describe a Question Answering (QA) dataset that contains complex questions with conditional answers, i.e. the answers are only applicable when certain conditions apply. We call this dataset ConditionalQA. In addition to conditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Haitian Sun , William W. Cohen , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the research area of Question Answering (QA) on document images. Current QA approaches from the Document Image Analysis community are mainly focusing on machine-printed documents and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Oliver Tüselmann , Friedrich Müller , Fabian Wolf , Gernot A. Fink

Generating high quality question-answer pairs is a hard but meaningful task. Although previous works have achieved great results on answer-aware question generation, it is difficult to apply them into practical application in the education…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Fanyi Qu , Xin Jia , Yunfang Wu

State-of-the-art summarization systems can generate highly fluent summaries. These summaries, however, may contain factual inconsistencies and/or information not present in the source. Hence, an important component of assessing the quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Potsawee Manakul , Adian Liusie , Mark J. F. Gales

We introduce a novel retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework tailored for multihop question answering. First, our system uses large language model (LLM) to decompose complex multihop questions into a sequence of single-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Seokgi Lee

This article presents the QUASAR system for question answering over unstructured text, structured tables, and knowledge graphs, with unified treatment of all sources. The system adopts a RAG-based architecture, with a pipeline of evidence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Philipp Christmann , Gerhard Weikum

Modern QA systems entail retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for accurate and trustworthy responses. However, the inherent gap between user queries and relevant documents hinders precise matching. We introduce QAEncoder, a training-free…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhengren Wang , Qinhan Yu , Shida Wei , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Xiaoxing Wang , Simin Niu , Hao Liang , Wentao Zhang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has received much attention for Open-domain question-answering (ODQA) tasks as a means to compensate for the parametric knowledge of large language models (LLMs). While previous approaches focused on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Minsang Kim , Cheoneum Park , Seungjun Baek

The zero-shot chain of thought (CoT) approach is often used in question answering (QA) by language models (LMs) for tasks that require multiple reasoning steps. However, some QA tasks hinge more on accessing relevant knowledge than on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiacan Yu , Hannah An , Lenhart K. Schubert

Conversational multi-doc question answering aims to answer specific questions based on the retrieved documents as well as the contextual conversations. In this paper, we introduce our winning approach for the "Conversational Multi-Doc QA"…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Yiming Li , Zhao Zhang

We study the problem of joint question answering (QA) and question generation (QG) in this paper. Our intuition is that QA and QG have intrinsic connections and these two tasks could improve each other. On one side, the QA model judges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Duyu Tang , Nan Duan , Tao Qin , Zhao Yan , Ming Zhou

The usage and amount of information available on the internet increase over the past decade. This digitization leads to the need for automated answering system to extract fruitful information from redundant and transitional knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Hariom A. Pandya , Brijesh S. Bhatt