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The capability of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) in solving the combinatorial optimization problems has been intensively studied in recent years due to its application in the quantum-classical hybrid regime. Despite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Xinwei Lee , Xinjian Yan , Ningyi Xie , Yoshiyuki Saito , Dongsheng Cai , Nobuyoshi Asai

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term devices. However, as the number of layers in a QAOA circuit increases, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Owain Parry , Phil McMinn

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that seeks to achieve approximate solutions to optimization problems by iteratively alternating between intervals of controlled quantum evolution.…

We prove concentration bounds for the following classes of quantum states: (i) output states of shallow quantum circuits, answering an open question from [DPMRF22]; (ii) injective matrix product states; (iii) output states of dense…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-17 Anurag Anshu , Tony Metger

Optimization is often cited as a promising application of quantum computers. However, the low degree of provable quantum speedups has led prior rigorous end-to-end resource analyses to conclude that a quantum computer is unlikely to surpass…

Maximum cut (Max-Cut) problem is one of the most important combinatorial optimization problems because of its various applications in real life, and recently Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has been widely employed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 Yiren Lu , Guojing Tian , Xiaoming Sun

A key open question in quantum computing is whether quantum algorithms can potentially offer a significant advantage over classical algorithms for tasks of practical interest. Understanding the limits of classical computing in simulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Matija Medvidovic , Giuseppe Carleo

The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising candidates for achieving quantum advantage through quantum-enhanced combinatorial optimization. In a typical QAOA setup, a set of quantum circuit parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-15 Alexey Galda , Xiaoyuan Liu , Danylo Lykov , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

Traditional methods for handling (inequality) constraints in the Quantum Approximate Optimization Ansatz (QAOA) typically rely on penalty terms and slack variables, which increase problem complexity and expand the search space. More…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 David Bucher , Jonas Stein , Sebastian Feld , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

Quantum algorithms for binary optimization problems have been the subject of extensive study. However, the application of quantum algorithms to integer optimization problems remains comparatively unexplored. In this paper, we study the…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a quantum algorithm designed for Combinatorial Optimization Problem (COP). We show that if a local algorithm is limited in performance at logarithmic depth for a spin glass type COP…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Mark Goh

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has been suggested as a promising candidate for the solution of combinatorial optimization problems. Yet, whether - or under what conditions - it may offer an advantage compared to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Vanessa Dehn , Martin Zaefferer , Gerhard Hellstern , Florentin Reiter , Thomas Wellens

In the wake of quantum computing advancements and quantum algorithmic progress, quantum algorithms are increasingly being employed to address a myriad of combinatorial optimization problems. Among these, the Independent Domination Problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Haoqian Pan , Changhong Lu

The quantum approximate optimisation ansatz (QAOA) is one of the flagship algorithms used to tackle combinatorial optimisation on graphs problems using a quantum computer, and is considered a strong candidate for early fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Yann Beaujeault-Taudière

Airlines today are faced with a number of large scale scheduling problems. One such problem is the tail assignment problem, which is the task of assigning individual aircraft to a given set of flights, minimizing the overall cost. Each…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a prominent quantum algorithm designed to find approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization problems, which are challenging for classical computers. In the current era, where…

In the massive multiple-input and multiple-output (Massive MIMO) systems, the maximum likelihood (ML) detection problem is NP-hard and becoming classically intricate with the number of the transmitting antennas and the symbols increasing.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Yuxiang Liu , Fanxu Meng , Zetong Li , Xutao Yu , Zaichen Zhang

Across diverse synthetic and real-world interaction graphs, the variational landscapes of reduced Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) instances obtained via variable freezing exhibit a robust universality. Leveraging this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Sokea Sang , Leanghok Hour , Sanghyeon Lee , Aniket Patra , Hee Chul Park , Moon Jip Park , Youngsun Han

We investigated the quantum effects of a frustrated Ising model on a two-dimensional square lattice using the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). While strong spin frustration is known to induce quantum fluctuations at low…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-11 Seunghan Lee , Hunpyo Lee

Quantum computing is an emerging field on the multidisciplinary interface between physics, engineering, and computer science with the potential to make a large impact on computational intelligence (CI). The aim of this paper is to introduce…